小汽车与公交车行程速度特性多维度对比分析  

A Multidimensional Comparative Analysis of Travel Speed Characteristics of Cars and Buses

作　　者：王玉焕 陈旭梅[1] 贾显超 龚辉波[2] 张溪[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学城市交通复杂系统理论与技术教育部重点实验室,北京100044 [2]广州地铁设计研究院有限公司,广州510010 [3]北京交通发展研究中心,北京100055

出　　处：《交通信息与安全》2014年第6期59-64,共6页Journal of Transport Information and Safety

基　　金：北京交通发展研究中心项目(批准号:T13L00450);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(批准号:AA110302)资助

摘　　要：基于北京市城市道路上小汽车与公交车的实测行程速度数据,对不同空间和时间维度下小汽车与公交车的速度特性进行了对比分析,从而为交通运行管理提供数据支持和参考。提出了定量表征小汽车与公交车速度变化趋势一致性的关联度指标,并对其计算方法进行了比选和论证。同时借助表征小汽车与公交车各自速度离散性的方差指标,以及表征二者速度大小差异性的绝对速度差指标,从不同道路类型、不同时段,以及有无公交专用道3个角度对小汽车与公交车各自的速度离散性、二者的速度差异性及关联性进行了对比分析。结果表明,快速路上小汽车与公交车的关联度最弱,q值为0.100;高峰时段的关联度较平峰时段强,q值分别为0.031和0.051;无公交专用道主干路上的关联度较有公交专用道主干路强,q值分别为0.101和0.083。基于大量数据论证得到的研究结论不仅具有普遍意义,而且量化了小汽车与公交车的速度特性。Based on field data of travel speed for cars and buses on the urban road in Beijing, this paper conducts a comparative analysis of travel speed characteristics from different space and time dimension, which provides data support and reference for transportation operations and management. The correlation index is proposed, which can quantitatively represent the consistency of speed change for cars and buses. Then, the methods for calculating the correlation index are compared. Speed variance and absolute difference of speed are used to respectively represent the speed discreteness and difference of cars and buses. The comparative perspectives include different road types, different times, as well as with or without bus lanes. The result about the correlation, which is the most important indicator, shows that： 1） the correlation between cars and buses on expressway is the weakest, whose value of q is 0. 100; 2） the correlation during peak hours is stronger than that during off-peak hours, whose values of q are 0. 031 and 0. 051 respectively; 3） the values of q on the arterial road without or w;,th bus lane are 0. 101 and 0. 083, which indicates that the correlation is stronger on road with- out bus lane. The research results based on a large amount of data verification not only have universal significance, but also provide a quantitative analysis of the speed characteristics of cars and buses.

关 键 词：交通运行 多维度 关联度 行程速度 方差 绝对速度差 

分 类 号：U491.112[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]