贵州省2000~2013年医院监测出生缺陷发生率趋势分析  

Trend analysis on incidence rate of birth defects during hospital monitoring in Guizhou from 2000 to 2013

作　　者：王伟人[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州省疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健所,贵州贵阳550004

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2015年第6期915-918,共4页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

摘　　要：目的：了解贵州省出生缺陷动态变化及现状,为制定相应干预措施、降低出生缺陷发生率提供依据。方法：按照国家出生缺陷监测方案,以医院为基础收集出生缺陷监测资料。结果：贵州省2000~2013年平均出生缺陷发生率为135.52/万,呈现先逐年上升、近年波动缓慢下降的趋势。城乡别出生缺陷发生率、男女出生缺陷发生率及年龄别出生缺陷发生率比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;2000～2013年贵州省出生缺陷顺位发生了较大变化,2013年贵州省主要出生缺陷顺位前6位分别是外耳其他畸形、多指（趾）、总唇裂、先天性心脏病和马蹄内翻足、神经管缺陷及先天性脑积水;2013年贵州省出生缺陷产前检出率（22.50%）低于全国平均水平（29.88%）。结论：应继续宣传围孕期服用叶酸的重要性,降低神经管畸形发生率;加强产前筛查及产前诊断工作,提高出生缺陷产前检出率,降低出生缺陷发生率。Objective： To understand the dynamic change and current situation of birth defects in Guizhou, provide a basis for making corresponding intervention measures and reducing the incidence rate of birth defects. Methods ： Monitoring data of birth defects were collected based on hospitals in Guizhou according to national birth defects monitoring program. Results： The average incidence rate of birth defects in Guizhou from 2000 to 2013 was 135.52 per ten thousand, which increased gradually and then decreased slowly in recent years. There were statistically significant differences in the incidence rates of birth defects between rural infants and urban infants, between boys and girls, among infants in different age groups （P 〈 0. 05 ） ; the sequence of birth defects in Guizhou from 2000 to 2013 changed significantly, in 2013, the top six birth defects were deformity of external ear, polydactylism, cleft lip, congenital heart disease and talipes equinovarus, neural tube defect and congenital hydrocephalus; the detection rate of birth defects in Guizhou in 2013 was 22. 50%, which was lower than national level （29. 88% ） . Conclusion： The importance of folic acid supplement should be further propagandized in order to reduce the in- cidence rate of neural tube defects ; meanwhile, prenatal screening and diagnosis should be strengthened to improve the detection rate of birth defects and reduce the incidence rate of birth defects.

关 键 词：贵州 出生缺陷 分析 

分 类 号：R715[医药卫生—妇产科学]