中共建政初期同业公会与产业发展之关系：以上海机械工业为中心(1949-1956)  

The Relationship of the Guild and the Development of Machinery Industry from 1949 to 1956 in Shanghai

作　　者：严鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学中国近代史研究所、商会协创中心,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《史学集刊》2015年第2期89-95,共7页Collected Papers of History Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“国家与民间互动视野下的近代所得税研究”(13BZS051)阶段性成果;教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“近代工商同业公会与行业市场秩序”(10JJD770025)

摘　　要：解放后,上海机械工业同业公会面临强势国家介入下的重组,国家权力由"不在场"而登上前台,公会则由同业组织异化为政策工具。然而,早在解放前,公会曾主动请求政府实施类似加工订货的反市场政策,但旧政权无力施行。因此,解放后以加工订货为核心的产业政策实现了公会的期望,符合行业利益。然而,随着国家可以直接与厂商打交道,公会的经济职能逐渐弱化,本身也趋于解体。该案例表明,国家与社会的利益可以一致,同业公会的消亡并不一定与产业的衰败相伴随。Since the establishment of PRC, Shanghai Machinery Industry Guild faced a strong national inter- vention under the reorganization of state power which was from ＂absence＂ to be onstage, with the guild changing from a trade organization to a policy tool. However, before the liberation, the guild had asked the government on its own initiative to implement anti market policies which were similar to order processing, but the administration was unable to execute this kind of policy. Therefore, the industrial policy focusing on making orders for processing after the founding of PRC realized the expectations of the guild and thus con- formed to the interest of the industry. Nevertheless, as the state can deal directly with the manufacturer, the economic function of guild gradually weakened and tended to disintegrate, which indicates that the interests of the state and those of the society can be consistent, the extinction of the guild doesn＇t necessarily accom- pany with the decline of the industry

关 键 词：同业公会 机械工业 产业政策 

分 类 号：F426.4[经济管理—产业经济]