“集体主义—个体主义”的差异:来自基因、大脑的证据  

“Collectivism-Individualism″ Difference: Evidence From Genes and Brain

作　　者：丁小斌[1] 赵楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学心理学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《心理与行为研究》2015年第1期131-137,共7页Studies of Psychology and Behavior

基　　金：国家社会科学基金"十二五"规划2011年度项目(CBA110103);西北师范大学青年教师科研能力提升计划项目

摘　　要：文章以"集体主义—个体主义"这一基本文化差异维度为基础,围绕文化、基因和大脑之间的关系,介绍了国内外最新研究进展。研究显示当人类执行各种文化任务时,那些为人类生存提供有力帮助的基因会被选择和保留下来;在自我表征,注意和知觉,决策、情绪和意向推断等心理状态或过程上的"集体主义—个体主义"文化差异都可追溯到脑功能的差异。研究者先后提出社会脑假设、文化—基因协同进化论、神经—文化交互作用模型等理论来解释基因、文化与大脑交互作用的现象。文章分析了当前研究中存在的问题,并对未来的研究进行了展望。Based on ＂collectivism-individualism＂ dimension which is the foundation in cultural differences, around the relationship between culture, genes and brain, the article introduces the latest research at home and abroad. Studies have shown that when human perform a variety of cultural tasks, genes that offer effective help for the human survival will be selected and retained; In psychological state and psychological process, ranging from self representation, attention and perception to decision, emotion and intention inference, the ＂collectivism-individual-ism＂ cultural differences can be traced to differences in brain functions. Re searchers have proposed social brain hypothesis, culture-gene coevolutionary theory, neuro-culture interaction model to explain the interaction of cul ture, genes and brain. At the same time, this article analyzes the problems existing in the current study, and prospects the future research.

关 键 词：文化差异 集体主义-个体主义 基因 大脑 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]