一株产T-2毒素镰孢菌的分离、鉴定及其产毒条件的研究  

Isolation and identification of a T-2 toxin-producing Fusarium poae strain and studies on its culture conditions

作　　者：张枫[1] 张蕾[1] 张重阳[1] 赵胜明[1] 蔡晨[1] 张燕[1] 殷红[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学生命科学学院,陕西西安710069

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2015年第2期340-348,共9页Microbiology China

基　　金：陕西省卫生厅疾控项目(2010);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(No.2014JM4170)

摘　　要：【目的】从青海大骨节病区小麦麦穗中分离的内生真菌中筛选产T-2毒素的菌株,并研究影响其合成该毒素的条件。【方法】采用种子胚芽抑制试验和抑菌试验从分离所得的菌株中筛选产毒菌株;利用薄层层析和高效液相检测待测菌株产物,复筛出产T-2毒素的菌株。通过显微形态学观察及ITS序列分析对筛选出的菌株5-5m-1进行鉴定。应用单因素筛选方案研究固体培养时间、温度以及液体培养转速、初始p H等对其产T-2毒素的影响,并采用正交试验进一步优化。【结果】菌株5-5m-1的显微形态与梨孢镰孢菌(Fusarium poae)相似;ITS序列分析显示,该菌株与F.poae的相似度也较高。其产T-2毒素的最佳条件为:玉米固体培养基、日温25°C/夜温15°C、光暗交替。【结论】5-5m-1菌株为梨孢镰孢菌,培养条件对其产T-2毒素能力有很大影响。实验结果将为进一步研究T-2毒素产生的机制和防止真菌毒素污染提供参考。[Objective] To select and identify an endophytic fungus isolated from wheat head collected from a Kashin-Beck disease area of Qinghai province, and study its influences of culture conditions on the production of T-2 toxin. [Methods] Primary selection of toxin-producing strain was using embryonic bud inhibition and yeast fungistatic tests on all isolated strains. Strain re-selection was carried out by TLC and HPLC assay to check the extract of the strain. Strain 5-5m-1 was identified based on its colonial and microscopic morphological characters and ITS sequencing. The optimization of culture condition for T-2 toxin production was investigated by single factor experiments and orthogonal design method. [Results] The morphological characters of the strain 5-5m-1 were similar to that of Fusarium poae. The ITS sequencing showed that the sequence of strain 5-5m-1 had high similarity to that of the strain F. poae. The optimal culture conditions of the strain to produce T-2 toxin were corn solid medium, alternative illumination with 25 ℃ during the day and 15 ℃ at night. [Conclusion] Strain 5-5m-1 was identified as Fusarium poae. Culture conditions have great influence on its ability to produce T-2 toxin. The results will provide important references for further studies on the mechanism ofT-2 toxin production and the measure to prevent mycotoxin contamination.

关 键 词：内生真菌 梨孢镰孢菌 菌种鉴定 T-2毒素 培养条件 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]