从氯化铋溶液中萃取铋并制备氧化铋  

A Novel Process for Solvent Extraction of Bismuth and Preparation of Bi_2O_3 From BiCl_3 Solution

作　　者：张传福[1] 丁风华[1] 湛菁[1] 王志坚[1] 邬建辉[1] 曹文馨[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学冶金科学与环境学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《湿法冶金》2015年第1期55-59,共5页Hydrometallurgy of China

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2011AA061002);湖南省科学技术厅科技计划重点项目(2010SK2010);湖南有色基金

摘　　要：以含有铜离子、铁离子和锰离子的氯化铋溶液为萃原液,磷酸三丁酯(TBP)为萃取剂,通过萃取—反萃取沉淀—热分解工艺直接制备超细氧化铋粉末,考察了萃取时间、萃取温度、有机相体积分数、溶液中氯离子质量浓度和相比对溶液中铋、铁萃取率的影响。试验结果表明:在铋离子初始质量浓度19g/L、氯离子质量浓度46.0g/L、铁离子质量浓度1.5g/L、TBP体积分数60%、萃取温度30℃、有机相与水相体积比(相比)1∶1条件下,经4级逆流萃取,铋萃取率达98.5%,铁萃取率为49.4%;经过稀盐酸洗涤后,有机相中铁洗脱率为99.7%;用草酸作反萃取剂反萃取铋,铋的一级反萃取率即达99.3%,反萃取产物为草酸铋;草酸铋热分解得到纯度为99.8%的α-Bi2O3。Ultrafine Bi2O3 powders was prepared by solvent extraction-stripping precipitation-thermal decomposition using BiCl3 solution containing Cu^2＋,Fe^3＋and Mn^2＋as raw material and tributyl phosphate（TBP）as extractant.The effects of extraction time,extraction temperature,TBP concentration in organic phase,chloride ions concentration in water phase and the volume ratio of organic phase to water phase on extraction rate of Fe^3＋and Bi^ 3＋were investigated.The results show that extraction rates of Bi ^3＋and Fe^3＋are 98.5% and 49.4% under the condition of bismuth ions concentration of 19g/L,chloride ions concentration of 46.5g/L,Fe^3＋concentration of 1.5g/L,TBP volume fraction of 60%,temperature of 30 ℃,Vo∶Va of 1∶1,and four stages counter-current extraction.After scrubbing by diluted hydrochloric acid,iron ions of 99.7% is removed from the loaded organic phase.The stripping rate of Bi 3＋in organic phase is 99.3% at one stage using oxalic acid as stripping agent,and the product of precipitation stripping is bismuth oxalate.α-Bi2O3 with99.83% can be obtained by decompositon method.

关 键 词：氯化铋溶液 溶剂萃取 反萃取沉淀 热分解 α-Bi2O3 制备 

分 类 号：TF817[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]