孕期/哺乳期砷暴露对子鼠心、肝、脾、肾发育的影响  

Effects of Arsenic Exposure during Maternal Pregnancy and Lactation on Development of Heart,Liver, Spleen, and Kidney of Offspring Mice

作　　者：周尚[1] 刘晓峰[2] 关怀[2] 冯和玺 白洁[3] 张晶鑫[4] 关锋[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军总后勤部卫生部药品仪器检验所,北京100071 [2]中国人民解放军第210医院妇产科,辽宁116021 [3]大连医科大学劳动卫生与环境卫生教研室,辽宁116044 [4]大连大学附属中山医院妇产科,辽宁116001

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2015年第2期146-150,共5页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金特别资助(编号:2014T70969)

摘　　要：[目的]探讨孕期/哺乳期砷暴露对子鼠心、肝、脾、肾发育影响。[方法]昆明种孕小鼠48只,随机分成4组,每组12只。全孕期和哺乳期以自由饮水方式连续染毒。按饮水砷浓度分别设空白对照组,1、4、16 mg/L染砷组。子鼠生后追踪体重和身长发育情况。哺乳喂养,3周断乳。测量断乳子鼠心、肝、脾、肾脏器系数,观察子鼠心、肝、脾和肾组织形态。[结果]体格发育:出生第3、10、15和21天,各组子鼠平均体重和身长均随母鼠饮水砷浓度升高而降低(P<0.05)。脏器系数:生后3周,各组子鼠心、肝、脾、肾脏器系数均随母鼠饮水砷浓度升高而升高(P<0.05)。病理形态:染砷组断乳子鼠心肌纤维厚薄不均,排列紊乱,心肌细胞核密集;肝细胞以及肾皮质区近曲小管内皮细胞出现水变性,高剂量染砷组子鼠肾远曲小管出现蛋白管型;脾脏出现特征性结构边界不清,白髓面积逐渐变小,红髓面积逐渐增大等表现;上述病理损伤随染砷浓度增加而逐渐加重。[结论]孕期/哺乳期砷暴露导致断乳期子鼠多器官组织形态异常,此可能是砷致生后远期慢性疾病发生的解剖学基础和发育源性病因。[ Objective ] To investigate the effects of arsenic （As） exposure during pregnancy and lactation on the development of heart, liver, spleen, and kidney of offspring mice. [ Methods ] A total of 48 pregnant Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups, 12 of each. Mother mice were exposed to As via consuming drinking water containing 0, 1, 4, and 16 mg/L arsenic trioxide （As2O3） from gestation day 0 to weaning. Physical development of offspring was monitored from birth to postnatal three weeks. Organ coefficients of offspring heart, liver, spleen, and kidney were determined and morphological indicators were observed under microscope. [ Results ] The body weight and height of offspring of As exposed groups at the postnatal day 3, 10, 15 and 21 decreased with the increasing of As2O3 concentration in maternal drinking water （P〈 0.05）. The organ coefficients of heart, liver, spleen, and kidney increased with the increasing of As2O3 concentration at the postnatal day 21 （P〈 0.05）. Under microscope, the disordered distribution of myocardial fibers, hydropic degeneration in liver cells and endothelioeytes of proximal convoluted tubule, and obscure characteristic structure of spleen with atrophic white pulp and expanded red pulp were recorded. [ Conclusion ] Arsenic exposure during pregnancy and lactation could result in abnormal morphology in multiple organs of offspring mice at weaning period, which might be the anatomical basis and pathogeny of chronic diseases in later life.

关 键 词：孕期 哺乳期 砷 子代 器官发育 小鼠 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]