紧急主动脉夹层动脉瘤手术护理体会  

Experience of nursing care for patients undergoing emergency surgery for dissecting aneurysms of aorta

作　　者：徐敏[1] 林卫红[1] 杨琼[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省温州医科大学附属第一医院手术室,325001

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2015年第3期484-486,共3页Chinese Journal of General Practice

摘　　要：目的总结对主动脉夹层动脉瘤手术患者的紧急护理的经验体会。方法对2012年3月—2014年3月收治心血管外科的主动脉夹层动脉瘤手术患者35例进行紧急护理,其中女性13例,男性22例,平均年龄(58.0±2.0)岁。合并有高血压28例,糖尿病12例,脑梗死1例,马方综合征1例。护理的内容主要包括监测生命体征,控制血压,镇静止痛,严密观察和防治并发症,心理护理,嘱患者适当活动和饮食护理等。结果 35例患者均成功完成手术,围手术期无患者死亡。术后,1例并发心肌梗死,治疗后症状消失;2例因血管破裂死亡;其余33例收治血管外科病房进一步治疗,通过严密的观察和精心的护理后康复出院。结论对主动脉夹层动脉瘤手术患者,做好紧急护理是降低病死率和减少该病风险的有力措施。医务人员需加强对术后患者进行健康的生活方式、合理用药和适当运动等方面的宣教,嘱患者定期体检,以便临床监测病情变化,发生异常情况能及时采取防治措施,切实做到改善预后,提高患者的生活质量。Objective To summarize the nursing experience for the patients undergoing the emergency surgery for the dissecting aneurysms of aorta. Methods Total 35 patients undergoing the emergency surgery for the dissecting aneurysms of aorta in our department from March,2012 to March,2014 were enrolled in this study. There were 13 cases of female,22 cases of male,mean age was （58.0 ± 2.0）. 28 cases were complicated with hypertension, 12 cases with diabetes, 1 case with cerebral infarction, and 1 ease of Marfan＇ s syndrome. The nursing care mainly included the monitoring of vital signs, controlling of blood pressure and heart rate, sedating and alleviating pain, psychological nursing, diet and moving nursing, and the prevention of complications. Results The operations in all 35 cases were successfully completed, there was no perioperative died cases. 1 case was with myocardial infarction after the operation and was cured after the treatment ;2 cases died from vascular rupture;Other 33 cases received further treatment in vascular surgical ward and rehabilitated after the careful observation and care. Conclusion For the patients undergoing the emergency surgery for the dissecting aneu- rysms of aorta,the emergency operation nursing is a powerful measure to reduce the mortality. The propaganda and education for healthy lifestyle,rational drug use and proper motion should be strengthened in the postoperative patients. The periodical medical check is helpful to the clinical monitoring of the disease, take timely preventive measures to deal with abnormal conditions, and improve the quality of life of patients.

关 键 词：主动脉夹层 动脉瘤 手术护理 紧急 

分 类 号：R543.16[医药卫生—心血管疾病] R473.6[医药卫生—内科学]