社区老年人衰弱评估的临床研究  

Frailty in community-dwelling elderly population

作　　者：陶晓春[1] 胡安梅[1] 魏书侠[1] 鲁新萍[1] 王悦[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气集团公司中心医院保健与老年医学科,河北省廊坊市065000

出　　处：《实用老年医学》2015年第1期63-66,共4页Practical Geriatrics

摘　　要：目的 在企业社区老年人体检中采用老年综合评估方法,筛查老年人衰弱状态,并评估慢病及老年综合征与衰弱的相关性。方法 选择2013年6~8月在中国石油天然气集团公司中心医院老年科进行常规体检的254例老年人（≥65岁）。每位老年人在完成常规体检项目基础上,由专人采用老年人群疾病与功能评估的流程,完成老年综合评估,对衰弱及衰弱前期的老人进行筛查。结果 （1）本研究中的社区老人有7.5%符合Fried衰弱量表的衰弱诊断,40.2%符合衰弱前期诊断。年龄是衰弱的重要危险因素。（2）合并有心脏病、肾功能不全、脑卒中这些常见慢性病的老年人更容易合并衰弱或处于衰弱前期。（3）跌倒评估相关项目与衰弱指标有明确的相关性,其中5次起坐测试对衰弱诊断有较好的诊断敏感性但特异性较差。（4）衰弱与其他老年综合征中的认知障碍等有明确的相关性,衰弱老人都已处于失能或半失能状态,而绝大多数衰弱前期老人的生活尚可自理（占该人群97.1%）。结论 在社区老年人体检中应用老年综合评估可以有效地发现衰弱及衰弱前期老人,在合并某些慢性病中更易出现衰弱,衰弱老人更易合并其他类型老年综合征。Objective To screen the frailty statue by comprehensive geriatric assessment（CGA） and to investigate the relationship of frailty statue with chronic illnesses and geriatric syndrome in the community-dwelling elderly population.Methods A total of 254 subjects in community-dwelling elderly population aged 65 years and over were recruited form June to August in 2013.CGA were performed to screen the frailty statue in the subjects.Results（1）The incidence of frailty was about 7.5%in this community-dwelling elderly population,and 40.2%belonged to pre-frailty by Fried frailty criteria.Age was the important factor for frailty.（2）The aged with chronic illnesses such as heart disease,renal failure or cerebral disease were more susceptible to frailty.（3） Frailty was significantly associated with the risk factors of fall.Test of five-chair rising showed high sensibility and low specificity for frailty.（4） Frailty was significantly associated with cognitive impairment.Frail old people were almost in the state of disability or half-disability,but the elderly in pre-frailty state still had self-care ability（about 97.1%）.Conclusions CGA could effectively find frailty and pre-frailty state in communitydwelling elderly.Some kinds of chronic illnesses could induce frailty.Frail old people are more easily complicated with other geriatric syndrome.

关 键 词：社区老年人 体检 老年综合评估 衰弱 

分 类 号：R448[医药卫生—诊断学]