高温湿式空气氧化工艺处理炼油废碱渣试验研究  

Laboratory test of high-temperature wet air oxidation technology for treating refinery spent caustic sludge

作　　者：邓德刚[1] 周彤[1] 秦丽姣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司抚顺石油化工研究院,辽宁省抚顺市113001

出　　处：《炼油技术与工程》2015年第1期15-19,共5页Petroleum Refinery Engineering

摘　　要：针对炼油废碱渣污染物含量高、生物降解难等特点,在废碱渣缓和湿式氧化预处理工艺的研究基础上考察了反应温度(210,230,250,270℃)和停留时间(60,90,120 min)对废碱渣中S2-,COD、酚和有机氮等污染物的去除率以及废碱渣可生化性的影响。结果表明,废碱渣中各污染物的去除率均随反应温度的升高和停留时间的延长而增加,且反应温度是主要影响因素。在反应温度270℃、操作压力9.0 MPa、停留时间不低于120 min的工艺条件下,处理后的废碱渣出水中未检出S2-,COD去除率为83.5%,酚的去除率为99.4%,TOC去除率为71.9%,有机氮去除率为95.6%(几乎全部转化为氨氮),B/C值由0.32提高到0.69。该工艺可完全脱除废碱渣的恶臭气味并提高可生化性,反应产物主要是以乙酸、丙酸为代表的低分子有机酸。由于高温湿式空气氧化法对氨氮去除效果差,故废碱渣在进污水处理场之前应考虑氨氮的去除。Based upon the characteristics of high contaminants and difficult biodegradability of refinery spent caustic sludge,tests of high-temperature wet air oxidation process were carried out to study the impacts of reaction temperature（ 210,230,250 and 270 ℃. respectively） and residence time（ 60,90 and 120 min,respectively） on the removal rate of contaminants such as S^2-,COD,phenol and organic nitrogen as well as wastewater biodegradability. The results show that the removal rate of various contaminants in the spent caustic sludge increases with the increasing reaction temperature and extended residence time,and reaction temperature is the main impact factor. Under the process conditions of reaction temperature 270 ℃（ 9. 0 MPa） and residence time not less than 120 min,the S^2- is not found in treated effluent,and the removal rates of COD,phenol,TOC and organic nitrogen are 83. 5%,99. 4%,71. 9% and 95. 6% respectively（ Almost all organic nitrogen is completely converted to ammonia nitrogen. B / C value is increased to 0. 69 from 0. 32）. The foul odour of the spent caustic can be completely removed,and its biodegradability can be greatly improved. The reaction products are mainly low-molecular organic acids such as formic acid and acetic acid. As the WAO process is poor in removal of ammonia nitrogen,the spent caustic sludge should be removed before going into waste water treatment plant for further treatment.

关 键 词：废碱渣 高温湿式空气氧化法 反应温度 停留时间 去除率 可生化性 

分 类 号：X742[环境科学与工程—环境工程]