铁路站车病媒生物侵害调查  

Investigation of medical vectors in railway stations and trains

作　　者：李凡[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳铁路疾病预防控制所,辽宁沈阳110001

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2015年第1期46-50,共5页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：铁道部科技计划项目(编号:2010Z004-A)

摘　　要：目的了解铁路站(客技站)车病媒生物危害状况,为防治提供依据。方法分别采用诱蚊灯及吸蚊管捕捉蚊虫,捕蝇笼及捕虫网捕捉苍蝇,粘捕板捕捉跳蚤、鼠,药激法捕捉蟑螂,于实验室进行种属鉴定。结果站区蚊虫3属4种,旅客列车蚊虫2属2种,淡色库蚊为优势种;站区蝇4科13种,丝光绿蝇为优势种,旅客列车蝇3科3种,家蝇为优势种;站区跳蚤2属2种,猫栉首蚤为优势种,旅客列车跳蚤1种,为人蚤;站区蟑螂2属2种,德国小蠊为优势种,旅客列车蟑螂1种,为德国小蠊;站区、旅客列车鼠类为褐家鼠和小家鼠。结论侵害客运车站、客技站的病媒生物可通过被动或主动方式侵害旅客列车;只有少数种类的蚊蝇可通过车门、窗侵害旅客列车。加强车站、客技站病媒生物防治管理,可有效控制其对旅客列车的侵害。Objective To understand the vector species and density in railway stations and trains, and provide the evidence for medical vector control. Methods Lamp traps were employed in mosquito investigation, cage trap in fly, paste trap in rodents and flea, and insecticide drap in cockroach. Results The mosquitoes were identified to be 4 species 3genus and 2 species 2 genus in station and train respectively,with Musca domestica as dominant species. There were 13 species 4 family and 3 species 3 family of flies in station and train ,with Luccilia sericata and Musca do- mestica respectively as the dominant species. The fleas belonged to 2 species 2 genus in station and 1 species in sta- tion with Ctenocephalides fells and Pulex irritans respectively as the dominant species. The cockroaches collected in station and train belonged to 2 species 2 genus and 1 species 1 genus. The dominant species was Blattella germanica. The rodents in station and train were Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus. Conclusion The vectors are carried into trains. Some species of mosquitoes and flies move into trains through doors and windows. It is important to strengthen the medical vector management in railway stations and passenger trains.

关 键 词：铁路站车 病媒生物 侵害 调查 

分 类 号：R184.3[医药卫生—流行病学]