基于语料库的楚竹书通假字量化研究  

A Quantitative Research about Tongjiazi in Chu Bamboo Slips Based on the Corpus

作　　者：雷黎明[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学文学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《古汉语研究》2014年第4期77-84,96,共8页Research in Ancient Chinese Language

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"基于语料库的楚简字义发展研究"(11YJC740049);西北师范大学青年教师科研能力提升计划一般项目"楚竹书通假字量化研究"(SKQNYB11005)

摘　　要：通假字在楚竹书文献用字中占有重要地位:总量方面,约四分之一的楚竹书是由通假字记载的;不重复单字方面,楚竹书通假字数量远多于甲骨文、金文中通假字的数量,基本同秦汉简帛中通假字的数量相当。与本字音近的通假多于音同通假,说明楚竹书通假字对与本字声韵完全相同的要求不太严格。楚竹书中的通假,对借字与本字声、韵相同或相近的要求都很高,而整体上对韵部相同或相近的要求比对声纽相同或相近的要求更高些。Tongjiazi in Chu bamboo slips occupy an important position. In total, about one-quarter of the Chu bamboo slips is recorded by tongjiazi. As to unrepeated individual characters, the number of tongjiazi in Chu bamboo slips is bigger than the number of tongjiazi in jiaguwen(甲骨文) and jinwen(金文), equivalent to the number of tongjiazi in bamboo slips and silk manuscript of the Qin and Han dynasties. The number of tongjia with the same pronunciation is bigger than tongjia with similar pronunciation, which means the requirement of tongjiazi in Chu bamboo slips with the same Sheng(声) and Yun(韵) as Benzi(本字) is not too strict. To tongjia in Chu bamboo slips, the requirement of Sheng(声) and Yun(韵) having the same or similar pronunciation as Jiezi(借字) and Benzi(本字)is high, but overall, the requirement to have the same or similar Yun(韵) is higher than to have the same or similar Sheng(声).

关 键 词：楚竹书 通假字 地位 语音关系 特征 

分 类 号：H121[语言文字—汉语]