重载机车轴流冷却风机流场及失速特性的研究  

Fluid Flow Field and Stall Behavior of an Axial-Flow Fan in the Heavy-Duty Locomotive

作　　者：李一明[1] 张路宁[2] 郭小亮[3] 李宝宽[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北大学材料与冶金学院,辽宁沈阳110819 [2]沈阳理工大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁沈阳110159 [3]沈阳鼓风机通风设备有限责任公司,辽宁沈阳110021

出　　处：《东北大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第2期227-231,共5页Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51210007)

摘　　要：针对重载机车轴流冷却风机运行条件多变、容易发生失速的现象,建立了一种三维数学模型来研究轴流通风机的气动性能,预测失速点.基于RNG k-ε湍流模型,在旋转坐标系下采用SIMPLE算法求解压力速度耦合方程.计算了不同工况下风机的性能参数,绘制特性曲线,分析了内部流动规律和失速特性.结果表明:风机特性曲线存在不稳定工况区,在小流量范围存在一个拐点;失速工况下叶轮处静压最小值远高于工作点,并且叶片静压梯度下降明显;风机失速时流线弯曲严重,尾部漩涡区延长;可以预测失速点在流量系数为0.201处.Aiming at the stall of axial-flow fan happened regularly in the heavy-duty locomotive, a three-dimensional numerical model was built to study the aerodynamic performance of the axial- flow fan and predict the stall point. The coupling equations of pressure and velocities were solved with the SIMPLE algorithm, and the RNG k-s turbulence model was also applied to this simulation. The performance parameters under several different conditions were calculated, and the fan characteristic curves were drawn. Furthermore, the internal flow rules and stall behavior of axial-flow fan were analyzed. The results indicated that the fan characteristic curves show an unstable operation region, in which the inflection point exists. Compared with the working condition, the minimum value of static pressure in the impeller area is higher, and the static pressure gradient of the blades significantly drops under the stall condition. When the stall occurs, the curvature of streamline tends to be severe, and the whirlpool zone extends at the tail. Based on the results, the stall point is predicted when the flow coefficient value is 0. 201.

关 键 词：轴流通风机 流场 失速点 失速特性 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TF777[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]