从科学哲学到文化哲学——B.C.斯焦宾院士思想轨迹追踪  

From Philosophy of Science to Philosophy of Culture: The Ideological Locus of the Academician V. S. Stepin

作　　者：万长松[1] 

机构地区：[1]燕山大学文法学院,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2015年第1期120-127,共8页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"俄罗斯科技哲学的范式转换与发展趋势研究"(项目编号:12BZX031)

摘　　要：此文为祝贺斯焦宾院士80华诞而作。斯焦宾是世界著名哲学家,俄罗斯(苏联)科学哲学的奠基人。在苏联时期,他主要研究了科学的结构和发生、科学基础等问题。他建构性地引入了抽象客体并建立起它们之间的联系即理论图式,阐明了理论知识的结构和发生机理;创造性地提出了研究的理想与规范、文化共相等概念,论证了科学的哲学—方法论基础的启发和预见功能。苏联解体后,斯焦宾主要关注了科学理性的历史进化、文明发展的类型等问题。当从传统文明向技术型文明转变时,经典理性和非经典理性找到了生存的文化土壤;当技术型文明的基本价值观被打破时,后非经典理性才是我们克服全球危机的不二选择。This paper is dedicated to the academician V. S. Stepin for his 80th birthday. V. S. Stepin is a famous philosopher around the world and the founder of the philosophy of science in Russia （the Soviet Union）. During the Soviet era, he mainly studies such issues as the structure, the generation and the basis of science, constructively introduces the abstract objects and establishes the links between them, i.e. the theory of schema. He illustrates the structure and generating mechanism of theoretical knowledge and creatively puts forward the ideal and specification of research and the concept of cultural commonality. He demonstrates the inspirational and anticipating function of the philosophical-methodological basis of science. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, V. S. Stepin focuses on the historical evolution of scientific rationality and the type of civilization development. The transformation from traditional civilization to technical civilization provides the classical rationality and the non- classical rationality with cultural soil to survive in. When the basic values of technical civilization are broken, the post-non-classical rationality becomes the only correct choice for us to overcome the global crisis.

关 键 词：B.C.斯焦宾 科学哲学 科学结构 科学基础 科学理性 文化共相 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]