免疫增强剂党参对仿刺参肠道菌群结构的影响  

Effect of Codonopsis pilosula as an Immunopotentiator on Intestinal Bacterial Community Composition of Apostichopus japonicus

作　　者：樊英 李乐 于晓清 刘恩孚 李天保 许拉 叶海斌 

机构地区：[1]山东省海洋生物研究院,山东省海水养殖病害防治重点实验室,青岛266002

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2015年第2期638-646,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：山东省现代农业产业技术体系刺参产业创新团队建设项目(SDAIT-08);山东省科技发展计划项目(2012YD10016);海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201305005);"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD13B03)

摘　　要：采用平板计数法和聚合酶链式反应（ PCR）-变性梯度凝胶电泳（ DGGE）技术分析免疫增强剂党参对仿刺参（ Apostichopus japonicas）肠道菌群结构的影响。将初始体重为（18.00±2.00） g的仿刺参随机分为2组（对照组、试验组），每组6个重复，每个重复12只。对照组投喂海泥、鼠尾藻粉按照1∶1的质量比配制的饵料，试验组饵料中以鼠尾藻粉质量的2%添加党参，连续投喂28 d。结果表明：应用免疫增强剂党参不仅能够显著提高仿刺参的特定生长率（ P＜0.05），降低其饵料系数（P＜0.05），而且能够显著增加仿刺参肠道内容物中异养菌的数量（P＜0.05）；序列统计分析显示投喂党参后仿刺参肠道细菌优质序列比例显著增加（ P＜0.05），试验组达97.57%，对照组仅为80.22%；Beta多样性分析反映投喂党参后仿刺参肠道微生态环境发生了变化，其多样性系数范围在14.91%～15.47%、15.47%～16.21%、14.91%～16.21%；丰度分析显示投喂党参后仿刺参肠道内容物中变形菌门（ Proteobacteria）和拟杆菌门（ Bacteroidetes）丰度提高，疣微菌门（ Verrucomicrobia）、放线菌门（ Actinobacteria）和厚壁菌门（ Firmiaites）丰度降低；聚类分析显示试验组与对照组肠道菌群结构相似性系数为0.97。由此可见，免疫增强剂党参可提高仿刺参的特定生长率，降低饵料系数，增加肠道异养菌数量和优势菌群丰度，优化肠道微生态环境。By plate counting method and polymerase chain reaction （ PCR）-denaturing gradient gel electropho-resis （ DGGE ） technology, the effect of Codonopsis pilosula as an immunopotentiator on intestinal bacterial community composition of Apostichopus japonicas was investigated. Apostichopus japonicas with the initial body weight of （18.00±2.00） g were randomly divided into 2 groups （control group and experimental group） with 6 replicates per group and 12 Apostichopus japonicas per replicate. Apostichopus japonicas in the control group were fed a diet which were formulated using sea mud and Sargassum thunbergii powder with the mass ra-tio of sea mud to Sargassum thunbergii ratio was 1∶1, while those in the experimental group were fed the diet adding Codonopsis pilosula with the quantity of 2% Sargassum thunbergii powder weight. The feeding trial las-ted for 28 days. The results showed that immunopotentiator-Codonopsis pilosula could significantly promote the special growth rate （ P〈0.05） , reduce the feed conversion ratio （ P〈0.05） , and increase the count of hetero-trophic in intestinal content of Apostichopus japonicas （P〈0.05）. Sequence statistics showed that the propor-tion of superior sequence was significantly increased after feeding Codonopsis pilosula （ P〈0.05） , which in ex-perimental group was 97.57% and that in control group was only 80.22%. Beta-diversity analysis reported that the intestinal microenvironment of Apostichopus japonicas was changed after feeding Codonopsis pilosula, and the rages of coefficient variation were 14.91% to 15.47%, 15.47% to 16.21%, and 14.91% to 16.21%. A-bundance analysis showed that the abundances of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were increased, but the a-bundances of Verrucomicrobia, Actinobacteria and Firmiaites were decreased after feeding Codonopsis pilosula. The similarity coefficient of intestinal bacterial community composition between control group and experimental group was 0.97 by cluster analysis. It is concluded that Codon

关 键 词：免疫增强剂 党参 仿刺参 肠道 菌群 DGGE 

分 类 号：S917.1[农业科学—水产科学]