不同粗饲料组合日粮对不同牧草在肉牛瘤胃内降解特性的影响  

Effect of Different Forage Combination on Rumen Degradation Rate of Different Herbages in Beef Cattle

作　　者：张颖[1,2] 霍晓伟[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学动物科学技术学院,内蒙古通辽028000 [2]内蒙古民族大学畜禽疫病防控研究所,内蒙古通辽028000

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2015年第2期135-138,155,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：通辽市与内蒙古民族大学科技合作项目(SXZD2012026)

摘　　要：为研究不同粗饲料日粮在肉牛瘤胃中的降解规律,选择3头体质量相近的装有永久性瘘管的科尔沁黄牛为试验动物,饲喂含有不同苜蓿比例（0~70%）的稻草基础日粮,采用尼龙袋法测定瘤胃中7种牧草（稻草、王草、东非狼尾草、幼嫩苜蓿、苜蓿草块、三叶草、小冠花）干物质（DM）、粗蛋白（CP）、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）48 h的降解特性。结果显示,随着日粮中苜蓿比例的增加,7种牧草DM、CP和NDF的降解率增加,当日粮中苜蓿比例从0增到30%时,7种牧草DM、CP和NDF降解率提高的幅度比较大,苜蓿含量从50%增到70%时,降解率提高的幅度降低。苜蓿比例为70%时,稻草、王草、三叶草、小冠花、东非狼尾草DM的降解率分别比苜蓿比例0组显著高3.74%、1.96%、1.46%、1.88%、1.73%,稻草、王草、苜蓿草块、三叶草、小冠花、东非狼尾草NDF的降解率分别比苜蓿比例0组显著高5.17%、2.69%、1.69%、2.01%、1.67%、2.19%。7种牧草CP的降解率在各苜蓿比例（0、30%、50%、70%）组间差异均不显著。可见,稻草日粮中添加苜蓿可明显提高牧草DM、NDF的瘤胃降解率,对CP影响较小。The aims of this study was to investigate the degradation of dietary forage in the rumen of beef cattle. Three similar body weight Horqin cattle were fitted with rumen fistula and fed diets containing different proportions of alfalfa（ 0—70%） of straw based diet. And the nylon bag method was used to determine the ruminal degradability for DM,CP and NDF after 48 h in seven herbages（ straw,imperatoria,pennisetum clandestinum,young alfalfa,alfalfa block,clover and crown vetch）. The results indicated that the degradation of DM,CP and NDF increased with the increase of proportion of alfalfa in the diets. The degradation rate increased drastically with the dietary alfalfa ratio from 0 to 30%,modest degradation rate increased with the dietary alfalfa ratio from 50% to 70%. When the proportion of alfalfa reached 70%,the degradation rate of DM in straw,imperatoria,clover,crown vetch and pennisetum clandestinum were3. 74%,1. 96%,1. 46%,1. 88%,1. 73% significantly higher than the proportion of alfalfa in 0 group,respectively. The degradation rate of NDF in straw,imperatoria,alfalfa block,clover,crown vetch and pen-nisetum clandestinum was 5. 17%,2. 69%,1. 69%,2. 01%,1. 67%,2. 19% significantly higher than the proportion of alfalfa in 0 group,respectively. Degradation of seven kinds of forage rate of CP had no significant difference in the proportion of alfalfa（ 0,30%,50%,70%） groups. Therefore,the straw diet of alfalfa could significantly improve the forage ruminal degradability of DM and NDF,while the CP degradation rate was least affected in the diet of alfalfa.

关 键 词：瘤胃降解率 牧草 干物质 粗蛋白 中性洗涤纤维 

分 类 号：S823.9[农业科学—畜牧学]