1950～2009年广西痢疾流行特征变迁  

Transition of epidemiological features of dysentery in Guangxi from 1950 to 2009

作　　者：李永红[1] 林玫[1] 王鸣柳[1] 廖和壮[1] 梁大斌[1] 周凌云[1] 黄君[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心,南宁市530028

出　　处：《广西医学》2015年第1期71-74,共4页Guangxi Medical Journal

基　　金：广西医药卫生科研课题(Z2010035)

摘　　要：目的分析1950~2009年广西痢疾流行特征变化,为有效防控提供科学依据。方法收集、整理历史疫情数据和人口资料,采用描述性流行病学方法分析1950~2009年广西痢疾流行强度及三间分布变化特征。结果 20世纪50~70年代为广西痢疾高流行期,年报告发病率和死亡率在20世纪80年代后呈明显下降趋势;痢疾高流行地区逐步从广西中部和西北部向东部和南部转移和蔓延;每年3~9月为广西痢疾流行高峰期,但随着发病率下降,季节流行特征逐渐减弱;儿童、农民和学生人群报告痢疾病例较多,0~4岁组人群报告痢疾发病率最高,男性人群报告痢疾发病率高于女性。结论广西痢疾流行强度已处于较低水平,地区和季节分布特征已经不明显,但儿童、农民和学生等职业人群和低年龄人群仍然是痢疾高发人群,应作为重点防控对象,并采取综合防控措施,以进一步降低痢疾对人群健康的危害。Objective To analyze the changes of epidemiological features of dysentery in Guangxi from 1950 to 2009, and to provide the scientific evidences for effective prevention and control of the disease. Methods Histological plague and demographic data were collected and sorted out, and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze epidemic intensity, and spatial, temporal and population distribution of dysentery in Guangxi from 1950 to 2009. Results It was indicated that 1950s to 1970s were the highly prevalent period of dysentery, but its annual reported incidence and mortality both appeared an apparent decline of descent since 1980s;It was prevalent and spread from the midland and northwest to the east and south;Its annual prevalence peak was during March to September, but with the decrease of the incidence, this seasonal prevalence feature attenuated;Children, farmer, and student were among the majority of the reported list of the disease ,while the group of 0 to 4 years old age topped the incidence list,and the incidence was higher in male than in female in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Conclusion Prevalence intensity of dysentery in Guangxi is now in a relatively low level, with its regional and seasonal distribution blurred, but occupation population like children, farmer and student, and underage group are still among the highest risked population,which should be the object of intensified prevention and control ,and resort to comprehensive prevention and control measures to further decrease the endangerment of dysentery to the population health.

关 键 词：痢疾 流行病学 预防控制 广西 

分 类 号：R516.4[医药卫生—内科学]