法度精神与宪制意识——《明夷待访录·原法》篇再探  

Law Spirit and Constitutional Consciousness:The New Research of Ming Yi Dai Fang Lu · Yuan Fa

作　　者：顾家宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学人文与社会科学高等研究院,讲师北京100191

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2015年第2期98-106,159,共9页Zhejiang Social Sciences

摘　　要：黄宗羲《明夷待访录·原法》篇之精义,一是在法度精神上完成了从君主"一家之法"到"天下之法"的扭转。二是以六经所承载的三代法度精神与典范性制度作为高于君权的根本政制规范,并以太学师儒为创制立法者。由此,其中实已蕴含了一种清晰的古典宪制意识。《明夷待访录》诸篇所构想的一整套政制设计,正展现了一套比较完备的古典宪制安排。黄宗羲政制构想的突破性价值,在于立足于近世乃至先秦儒家的政治智慧,而对一种古典宪制理念予以了最为集中明确的表达。在其政治思想之整体中,《原法》实居于核心地位,《明夷待访录》本身即为一部以之为中心而展开的政治纲宪。In the essay of Ming Yi Dai Fang Lu · Yuan Fa,Huang Zongxi not only transforms the law spirit from the law for emperor to the law for people,but also takes three generation of the testimonies of spirit and model system from the Six Classics as the basic constitution which has priority to the monarchical power while makes Confucian scholars as lawmakers. Therefore,it shows a clear consciousness of classical constitution. The political system of Ming Yi Dai Fang Lu contains a quite complete plan of classical constitution. Basing on the political wisdom of modern and even pre-Qin Confucianism,Huang Zongxi expresses the idea of classical constitution most distinctly,which makes a breakthrough in the conception about political system. In a word,Yuan Fa is in the core position of Huang's political thought while Ming Yi Dai Fang Lu can be seen as a political program centered on it.

关 键 词：黄宗羲 原法 古典宪制 治法 治人 

分 类 号：D909.2[政治法律—法学理论]