滴灌和畦灌的幼龄核桃树根系空间分布特性研究  

Spatial Distribution Feature of Young Walnut Tree Root under Drip Irrigation and Border Irrigation

作　　者：赵经华[1] 洪明[1] 穆哈西[1] 马英杰[1] 王长新[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2015年第2期5-7,共3页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大专项(201130103-1);国家科技支撑计划项目(2011Bad29B05);新疆维吾尔自治区水利水电工程重点学科资助项目(XJZDXK-2002-10-05);新疆水利科技项目(2013G03)

摘　　要：采用分层分段挖掘法和扫描分析法对干旱区滴灌和畦灌方式下核桃树根系总根长、有效根系的空间分布规律进行了研究。研究结果表明：①在水平方向上滴灌和畦灌核桃树根系主要分布在0-120cm范围内,滴灌占总根系分布的90.1%,畦灌占总根系分布的89.2%;在垂直方向上滴灌核桃树根系主要分布在0-90cm范围内,占总根系分布的90.6%,畦灌核桃树根系主要分布在0-120cm范围内,占总根系分布的85.7%。②畦灌核桃树有效根系在水平方向上随距离增加而递减的规律分布,在垂直深度分布上呈现出先随深度的增加而增加,在深度为110cm左右处出现峰值之后又随深度增加而减小的规律。滴灌有效吸水根根长在水平距离70cm和垂直深度70cm处为分布密集区。在距离树干水平距离70cm和垂直深度70cm附近的根区,应作为核桃树水肥管理的重点区域。The total root length and spatial distribution rule of effective root of walnut tree under drip irrigation and border irrigation in arid areas is studied by using the method of layered sublevel mining method and the scanning method.The results show that：①in horizontal direction,the root distributes mainly within the 0-120cm range under drip irrigation and border irrigation,the root in this range accounts for 90.1%and 89.2% of total,respectively,under drip irrigation and border irrigation;in vertical direction,the root distributed mainly within the range of 0-90cm and 0-120cm,accounts for 90.6% and 85.7% of the total,respectively,under drip irrigation and border irrigation.② under border irrigation,the effective root of walnut trees decreases with the increase of distance in horizontal direction,while in vertical direction,the effective root of walnut trees increases with the increase of the depth,reaches the peak at the depth of 110 cm and then decreases with the increase of the depth;under drip irrigation,the effective foot distributes intensively in the range of 70 cm in both horizontal and vertical direction;thus the area should be taken as the key area of the water and fertilization management.

关 键 词：滴灌 畦灌 核桃树 根系 空间分布 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]