制种玉米密度对土壤水分及产量构成的影响研究  

Effect of Density of Maize for Seed on Soil Moisture and Yield

作　　者：刘兴成[1] 彭治云 李永德[1] 陆祥生 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省武威市农业技术推广中心,甘肃武威733000

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2015年第2期27-30,共4页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目"西北旱区制种玉米节水高效栽培技术试验研究与示范"(201201003-2)

摘　　要：通过田间试验,就制种玉米密度对土壤水分、农艺性状、产量构成及产量的影响进行了研究分析。结果表明:1在拔节期以前,低密组的土壤含水量比高密组的高;在拔节期到灌浆期,高密组的比低密组的高。在整个生育期,拔节期前土壤含水量比较高,而后逐渐降低,吐丝期达到最低,然后又逐步上升。2在一定密度范围内,制种玉米株高、亩产量随着密度的增大而增加单株产量产量相反;叶长、穗粗、穗粒数先随着密度的增大而减小,后随着密度的增大而增大;叶宽、穗长、百粒重、出籽率先随着密度的增大而增加,后随着密度的增大而减小;叶面积、茎粗、穗位先随着密度的增大而减小,后随着密度的增大而增加,然后又随着密度的增大而减小,秃顶变化规律相反。In this study,the effects of the density of maize for seed on soil moisture,agronomic traits,yield composition and yield are analyzed through field experiment.The results show that：①the soil water content of low density group is higher that that of high density group in jointing stage;while from jointing stage to filling stage,the soil water content of high density group is higher than that of low density group;during the whole growth period,the soil water content is higher before jointing stage,then gradually decreased to the lowest at silking stage,and then gradually rise.②in a certain planting density range,the plant height and the yield of unit area of maize for seed increase with the increase of density,while the yield of single plant decreases with the increase of density;the leaf length,ear diameter,and grain number per spike decrease first and then increase with the increase of density;leaf width,ear length,weight of 100 grains,and the seeding rate increase first and then decrease with the increase of density;the leaf area,stem diameter,and ear height increase first,then decrease,and increase again with the increase of density;while the change rules for baldheaded is contrary.

关 键 词：制种玉米 密度 土壤含水量 农艺性状 产量构成 

分 类 号：S359.1[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]