遇旱灌水和施肥方式对大豆土壤中铵态氮和硝态氮时空变异的影响  

Effects of Irrigation and Fertilization on Spatial-temporal Variations of NH_4^+-N and NO_3^--N in Soybean Fields

作　　者：赵婧[1] 王树文 邱强[1] 张宝贵[3] 张伟[1] 张鸣浩[1] 闫晓艳[1] 冯利平[3] 刘庆军 刘淑琴[5] 

机构地区：[1]吉林省农科院大豆研究所,大豆国家工程研究中心,吉林长春130033 [2]吉林省计算中心,吉林长春130012 [3]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100094 [4]桦甸市农业科学试验中心,吉林桦甸132400 [5]桦甸市农业技术推广中心,吉林桦甸132400

出　　处：《华北农学报》2014年第B12期305-309,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(31101111;31271647);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20110219;20111817);国家高技术研究发展计划("863"计划)项目(2006AA10A303-1)

摘　　要：为了寻求水肥资源的合理利用方式,以九农21为材料,于2008年研究了遇旱灌水和施肥方式对大豆各生育期、各土层土壤中铵态氮和硝态氮变化的影响。结果表明,从各土层土壤中的铵态氮和硝态氮含量来看,灌水前优化施肥处理对保持土壤中的铵态氮和硝态氮含量效果明显,尤其是R1和R5期,减少了土壤中的氮损失。用地质统计学中的区域化变量理论和半方差函数分析,从变程值来看,灌水对优化施肥处理的铵态氮和硝态氮空间变异性程度影响较大;此外块金值与基台值之比较小,分别为0.02和0.21,表明由土壤的空间结构本身引起的空间变异性占主要部分,说明优化施肥处理对改变土壤的空间结构具有良好的作用。To seek a rational way of utilizing water and fertilizer,taking Jiunong 21 as material,the effect of irrigation and fertilization on spatial-temporal variations of NH^＋4-N and NO^-3-N in soybean fields in 2008 was studied.The results showed that,seen from NH^＋4-N and NO^-3-N in different soil layers,optimized fertilization treatment has obvious effect on keeping NH^＋4-N and NO^-3-N in soil,especially at R1 and R5 stages,reducing the loss of soil nitrogen.By the regionalized variable theory and semivariance of geostatistics,seen from range value,irrigation has larger effect on spatial variability of soil NH^＋4-N and NO^-3-N of optimized fertilization treatment;and smaller C0 / C value,0.02 and 0.21,respectively,indicating that spatial structure was the main cause of spatial variability,thus optimized fertilization treatment has a good effect on changing soil spatial structure.

关 键 词：大豆 土壤 灌水 施肥方式 铵态氮 硝态氮 半方差 时空变异 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]