北京市西城区居民家庭健康测量工具配备及使用调查  

Survey on equipment and use of health measurement tools in households of Xicheng District of Beijing

作　　者：白立新[1] 岳川[1] 常青[1] 王宏[1] 石静[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市西城区疾病预防控制中心,100120

出　　处：《职业与健康》2015年第3期351-353,357,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解北京市西城区居民家庭健康测量工具的配备和使用情况,为合理推荐健康测量工具,推广健康测量工具的正确使用方法提供依据。方法选择北京市西城区德胜街道为调查地点,采用方便抽样的方法,对150名20~79岁常住居民及其家庭开展问卷调查,调查内容包括家庭及个人基本信息、家庭健康测量工具配备及使用情况和个人血压监测情况等。结果 150名调查对象中男性75人,女性75人;以本科及以上学历者为主（35.33%）。高血压患病率为20%;在150户家庭的9种家庭健康测量工具中,以视力表配备率为最低（14.7%）,以体温计配备率为最高（94.7%）;在91户配备并使用限量盐勺的家庭中,共有60户家庭能正确使用限量盐勺,占65.9%;在95户配备并使用控油壶的家庭中,正确使用者61户,控油壶正确使用率为64.2%;血压计配备率为75.33%,在131名测量血压的调查对象中,调查对象的血压测量地点以家里所占比例最高,有65人在家测量血压,在家测量血压的调查对象能够正确测量血压的有21人,占32.3%;不同性别、年龄组、文化程度及是否患有高血压病的调查对象间的正确测量血压率之间没有统计学差异。结论开展家庭健康测量工具配备及使用的宣传和培训,加强控油限盐技能的推广,普及血压正确测量方法,以早期发现高血压的危险因素,便于及时采取干预措施,降低发病。[Objective]To understand the equipment and use of health measurement tools in households of Xicheng District of Beijing,provide the basis for properly recommending the health measurement tools and promoting the correct use method of health measurement tools.[Methods]150 residents aged 20-79 years old were collected from Desheng Street of Xicheng District of Beijing by convenience sampling method. The respondents and their families received the questionnaire survey, and the questionnaire contents included basic information of family and personal,equipment and use of health measurement tools,and blood pressure monitoring results.[Results]150 respondents included 75 males and 75 females,35.33% of them have the bachelor degree or above. The prevalence rate of hypertension was 20%. Among 9 health measurement tools,the equipment rate of visual chart（14.7%） and thermometer（94.7%） was the lowest and highest respectively. 91 households have used the salt-restriction spoon,and 60 households could use it correctly,accounting for 65.9%.95 households have used the oil-control can,and 61 households could use it correctly,with the correct rate of 64.2%. The equipment rate of sphygmomanometer was 75.33%. Among131 respondents who have measured the blood pressure,65 people measured the blood pressure at home,which accounted for the greatest proportion,and 21 people could measure the blood pressure by correct method,accounting for 32.3%. There was no significant difference in rate of blood pressure measurement by correct method among different sex,age,educational level,blood pressure status groups.[Conclusion]It is necessary to carry out the publicity and training about equipment and use of family health measurement tools,strengthen the promotion of skill on salt-restriction and oil-control,popularize the correct method of blood pressure measurement,to discover the risk factors of hypertension,take the intervention measures as early as possible,and reduce the incidence rate.

关 键 词：健康测量工具 配备 使用 调查 

分 类 号：R161[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]