常温下氙气以及氢氙混合气体形成的团簇的特性研究  

Characterizations of clusters generated by pure xenon and hydrogen xenon gas mixture at room temperature

作　　者：梁国荣[1] 赵家瑞[1] 李毅飞[1] 马景龙[1] 王进光 黄开[1] 韩玉晶[1] 马勇[1] 闫文超[1] 李大章[3] 袁大伟[1] 李玉同[1] 张杰[2] 陈黎明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院物理研究所,北京凝聚态物理国家实验室,光物理重点实验室,北京100190 [2]上海交通大学,激光等离子体教育部重点实验室,上海200240 [3]中国科学院高能物理研究所,北京100049

出　　处：《物理学报》2015年第4期55-62,共8页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划（批准号：2013CBA01501,2013CBA01504）、国家自然科学基金（批准号：11175192）和国家重大科学仪器设备开发专项（批准号：2012YQ120047）资助的课题.

摘　　要：利用瑞利散射法可以对团簇的尺寸以及团簇形成的演变过程进行研究,这种方法非常简单易行且对团簇是非破坏性的.通过对纯氙气以及氢氙混合气体形成的团簇的瑞利散射进行测量,研究并分析了瑞利散射强度随时间、初始背压以及气体混合比例的变化,由此估算了在不同情况下形成团簇的平均尺寸.通过获得的氢氙混合气体瑞利散射强度与背压的关系I=（1.5×10-5）P6.47,发现了混合气体中氢气对氙团簇形成的促进作用,并从热力学和分子间作用力的角度进行了理论分析,得到了氢氙混合气体不易于液化这一新现象,为实现高背压下更大尺寸团簇的产生提供了可能.所获得的结果为今后基于氙团簇的X射线产生实验,以及基于氘氙混合气体的中子产生实验研究提供了良好的实验依据.Rayleigh scattering method can be used to investigate the cluster size and the cluster formation process, and its advantages are that it is easy to perform and non-disruptive. In this paper, by measuring the Rayleigh scattering inten- sities of clusters generated respectively in pure xenon gas and hydrogen-xenon gas mixture, the relationships of Rayleigh scattering intensity to time, backing pressure, and mixture ratio are studied, and according to these relationships, the average sizes of clusters under different conditions are estimated. Through the scaling law of the Rayleigh scattering intensity obtained in hydrogen-xenon gas mixture with respect to upstream gas pressure, i.e., I = （1.5 ×10-5）P647, the hydrogen of mixed gas is found to be conducible to the generating of xenon clusters. The advantages of hydrogen-xenon gas mixture for generating clusters are analyzed theoretically from the perspective of thermodynamics and intermolecular forces, and a new phenomenon, i.e., the hydrogen xenon gas mixture is not easy to liquefy, is found. This finding provides a new way to generate larger size clusters. Our results are expected to provide guidelines for the future experimental researches of the X-ray generated by xenon clusters and of the neutron generated by the deuterium-xenon mixture gas.

关 键 词：氙团簇 瑞利散射 混合气体 

分 类 号：O641.3[理学—物理化学]