锂离子电池石墨烯-LiMPO_4(M=Fe,V和Mn)复合正极材料的研究进展  

Research progress on graphene-LiMPO_4(M=Fe, V and Mn) cathode materials in lithium ion batteries

作　　者：金玉红[1,2] 王莉[1,2] 尚玉明[1,2] 高剑[1,2] 李建军[1,2,3] 何向明[1,2,4] 

机构地区：[1]北京市精细陶瓷重点实验室 [2]清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院,北京100084 [3]江苏华东锂电技术研究院,张家港215600 [4]清华大学汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2015年第2期158-167,共10页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2011CB935902;2013CB934000);国家高技术研究发展计划(2013AA050903;2011AA11A257);科技部国际合作项目(2010DFA72760);清华大学自主科研计划(2010THZ08116;2011THZ08139;2011THZ01004;2012THZ08129);汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室基金(ZZ2012-011)资助

摘　　要：锂离子电池具有工作电压高、比能量大、循环寿命长和安全性能好等优点,在电动车动力电池领域具有重要发展前景.开发高性能的正极材料又是动力电池研究的热点.与已商业化的正极材料钴酸锂相比,橄榄石结构Li MPO4(M=Fe,V和Mn)材料具有理论容量高、成本低、安全性能好和循环性能稳定等优点,非常适宜发展为电动汽车用锂离子电池正极材料,但是Li MPO4材料较低的电子及离子传导性成为其产业化必须克服的难题.石墨烯是一种只有一个碳原子厚度的二维材料,其碳原子以sp2杂化轨道组成六角型呈蜂巢晶格结构.由于其具有高比表面积、优异的导电性能和化学稳定性,用于Li MPO4复合材料时可以很好地控制Li MPO4粒径,提高材料导电性能和机械性能.本文综述石墨烯-Li MPO4(M=Fe,V和Mn)复合材料在国内外最新研究进展,重点针对石墨烯-Li MPO4(M=Fe,V和Mn)复合材料合成方法、形貌控制及电化学性能进行总结和探讨.Lithium ion battery holds great potential as power sources of electrical vehicles due to high working voltage, large specific capacity, and long cycle life and safety performance. High-performance cathode material is research hotpot for the development of power sources. Compared to commercialized LiCoO2 cathode material, olivine LiMPO4 （M=Fe, V and Mn） cathode materials have attracted much attention for the use of electric vehicles because of high theoretical specific capacity, low cost, long cycle lifespan and high safety. However, the low electric conductivity and poor lithium ion diffusion in LiMPO4 （M=Fe, V and Mn） cathode materials limit their commercialization. Graphene has attracted much interest due to high specific surface area, excellent electric and thermal conductivity, good mechanical properties and stable electrochemical performance. In order to deal with disadvantage of LiMPO4 （M=Fe, V and Mn） cathode materials, it is a good method that LiMPO4 （M=Fe, V and Mn） cathode materials are compounded with graphene. With the help of graphene, the size of LiMPO4 （M=Fe, V and Mn） materials can be controlled at nanoscale level. Moreover, two dimensional graphene nanosheets can improve the electrical and lithium ion diffusion of LiMPO4 （M=Fe, V and Mn） materials. Therefore, graphene-LiMPO4 （M=Fe, V and Mn） materials are one of the most potential material for the development of electrical vehicles. In this paper, recent progress on graphene-LiMPO4 （M=Fe, V and Mn） composite is reviewed. The synthesis methods, morphology regulation and tunable electrochemical properties of graphene-LiMPO4 （M=Fe, V and Mn） composite as cathode materials for lithium ion batteries are intensively discussed.

关 键 词：石墨烯 LiMPO4 锂离子电池 正极材料 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]