试论背面卜辞对胛骨缀合的重要作用  

Importance of Inscriptions on the Back of Oracle Bones

作　　者：刘影[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学甲骨文研究中心,北京100089

出　　处：《中国国家博物馆馆刊》2015年第1期31-36,共6页Journal of National Museum of China

基　　金：2013年教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目<甲骨断片残字的搜集与整理>课题(项目批准号:13YJC740060)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：殷人用龟与用骨,多将卜辞契刻在正面,因此在甲骨学研究领域,对正面卜辞的研究历来都是放在首要地位的。而甲骨背面多施以钻凿,又有刮磨的痕迹,背面卜辞或多为前辞、占辞、验辞,或残泐不清,所以常常被忽视。事实上,这些在正面看不到的前辞、占辞、验辞等,往往可以提供大量重要的信息,如占卜的时间、贞人、事件的发生过程与结果以及其它相关因素。这些重要信息可以帮助我们正确理解辞意,全面把握整版卜辞之间的关系,进而系联相关的同文、成套卜辞并合理地类比、排谱等。本文在全面整理卜骨背面材料的过程中,特别留意背面卜辞反映的相关信息,并利用正面与背面卜辞的残字以及正面与背面卜辞对比等信息,缀合卜骨六组,同时利用这六组缀合,说明背面卜辞对正面卜辞的研究具有重要作用,不可忽视,希望引起学界对背面卜辞的重视。The side of Shang dynasty tor toise shells and animal bones thatis carved with oracle inscriptions has been given priority in researches on oracle bone inscriptions. In contrast, the other side, which often bears chiselled or scraped marks or is inscribed with brief information aboutthe contentor resultof divination or with obscure characters, is neglected by many researchers. In fact, those divinatory words provide abundantinformation aboutthe divination, such as date, performer, process, consequence, etc., which helps the researchers correctly understand the oracle inscription and the intertextual relations and compare and arrange related inscriptions. When organizing inscriptions on the other side of ox scapulas for divination, the currentauthor focuses on information given in these inscriptions. By relating remaining characters on both sides, the author provides six sets of oracle bones to show the academic importance of inscriptions on the back of oracle bones.

关 键 词：卜骨 背面卜辞 缀合 

分 类 号：K877.1[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]