清华简《楚居》所记楚族起源地的探讨  

Place of Origin of Chu People Recorded in Bamboo Slips Chu Ju

作　　者：郑杰祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南省社会科学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《中国国家博物馆馆刊》2015年第1期45-49,共5页Journal of National Museum of China

摘　　要：清华简《楚居》记述有楚人始祖季连活动的若干地名,为探讨楚人起源地提供了新的重要资料。"季连初降于山",就是今河南新郑、新密市一带的具茨山。春秋时期的郑国,即今考古工作者发现的郑韩故城,位于今河南省新郑市区,黄帝所都的"有熊氏之墟"就在此地,西南距大隗山约20公里,是楚人的祖根地,当是《楚居》所说季连长大成人以后"抵于穴穷"之地。"乔山"当即鄗山,位于黄河南岸,南距新郑市即"穴穷"约60公里,"前出于乔山,宅处爰波",意即季连由穴穷前往乔山,居处于波涛滚滚的黄河岸边。"逆上汌水,见盘庚之子,处于方山,女曰妣隹……先处于京宗。""汌水"可能就是文献记载的汜水;"盘庚之子"有可能就是武丁;京县故城今称京襄城村,即"京宗"所在地。以上地名地望,位于今河南也即中原腹地,为楚部族起源地。Records in bamboo slips Chu Ju [楚居]（ Tsinghua University） aboutplace names associated with Ji Lian, ancestor of the Chu people, provide importantclues to the origins of the Chu. ＂ 山＂ in ＂季连初降于 山＂ refers to the Juci mountains near Xinzheng and Xinmi in Henan province. The Zhenghan ancientcity site in downtown Xinzheng was the seatof Zheng state during the Spring and Autumn period and was also where capital of Huangdi, i.e. ＂有熊氏之墟＂ [city of Youxiong], was located. About20 kilometres nor theastof the Dawei mountains, city of Youxiong was the place of origin of the Chu people, where the adultJi Lian moved to（i.e. ＂穴穷＂）. ＂乔山＂ [Qiaoshan] refers to the Qiao mountains south of the Yellow River, about60 kilometres north of Xueqiong. ＂前出于乔山 宅处爰波＂ can be interpreted as ＂Ji Lian arrived atQiaoshan and settled down by the waves of the Yellow River＂. In ＂逆上汌水 见盘庚之子 处于方山 女曰妣隹[…]处于京宗＂, ＂汌水＂ probably refers to the Si river in historical documents; ＂盘庚之子＂ was probably Wuding; ＂京宗＂ was located atthe ancientsite of Jingxian（present-day Jingxiangcheng village, Xingyang, Henan province）. The above mentioned places are all located in Henan, centre of the Central Plains. Therefore, Henan should be the place of origin of the Chu people.

关 键 词：清华简 《楚居》 楚人 起源 

分 类 号：K877.5[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]