籼稻开花期耐热性鉴定与QTL定位分析  

Heat Tolerant Evaluation and QTL Mapping under Flowering Stage in Indica Rice

作　　者：刘周[1,2] 唐启源[3] 李飞[1,2] U.A.Kapila Siri Udawela 项超[2] 高用明[2] 石英尧[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学农学院,合肥230036 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081 [3]湖南农业大学,长沙410128

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2015年第1期16-31,共16页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家863科技部重大专项(2014AA10A604)资助

摘　　要：高温热害是水稻生产的重要制约因素之一。本研究利用籼稻恢复系蜀恢527为轮回亲本,以来自不同来源的6个籼稻品种为供体亲本构建了131个BC2F3：4选择导入系群体,在正常大田和温室大棚高温胁迫条件下进行连续两年（2011年和2012年）的耐热性鉴定,并结合基因型分析进行产量相关性状和耐热性QTL定位。耐热表型分析结果表明,尽管轮回亲本和供体本身不具备很强的耐热性,但绝大多数导入系后代出现了耐热性的超亲分离。本研究通过分子标记基因型和表型分析的单向方差分析进行产量相关性状（每穗总粒数,结实率,千粒重,单株产量）和耐热性（热胁迫指数）QTL发掘,共定位的到39个产量相关性状QTL,贡献率为7.3%-39.7%和12个耐热性QTL,贡献率为14.7%-30.2%。12个耐热性QTL中,有9个也在产量相关性状中检测到。40例QTL有利等位基因来自供体亲本,61.5%的QTL能在不同群体或环境中被重复检测到。产量性状和耐热性QTL在染色体上大多成簇分布,每个簇往往同时影响几个性状（多效性）。其中,第2染色体上RM341（Bin2.8）对每穗总粒数、千粒重和单株产量影响较大;第7染色体RM051（Bin7.1）则是主要控制结实率、单株产量和耐热指数等性状。第10染色体RM258（Bin10.5）则是主要控制每穗总粒数和耐热指数等性状。研究结果将为水稻耐热性改良及其分子标记辅助育种提供有益信息。Heat stress is one of the constrains in rice production. In this study, Shuhui527 was used as recurrent parent, six indica varieties with distinct genetic diversities as donors for developing six BC2F3：4 backcrossing populations, from which a total of 131 introgression lines（ILs） were selected. The progeny of the BC2F3：4 backcrossing populations and their parents were tested for heat tolerance （HT） under normal field conditions and heat stress （inside green house） conditions in consecutive two years （2011 and 2012） in Changsha, Hunan. Phenotyping and genotyping for these populations were conducted for QTL identification of yield related traits and heat tolerance. The results of phenotyping evaluation showed that transgressive segregations in HT of the progeny in most populations were observed, even though the parents did not have good HT. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data ofphenotyping and genotyping of the populations for QTL identification. A total of 52 QTLs wereidentified for yield related traits and heat tolerance （heat stress index）, including 49 yield-related QTLs, and the explained phenotypic variation ranged from 7.3% to 39.7%; and 12 HT QTLs which explained phenotypic variation ranging from 14.7%-30.2%. Nine of the HT QTLs were also related with yield related traits. A total of 43 cases had favorable alleles from donor parents, about 57.7% QTLs can be detected repeatedly in different populations or environments. Most of the yield related and heat tolerant QTL distributed in clusters on chromosomes, each of them controlled several traits （pleiotropism）. Among which, the cluster near RM341 （Bin2.8） on chromosome 2 control spikelet number per panicle, 1 000-grain weight and grain yield per plant. The QTL cluster near RM51 （Bin7.1） on chromosome 7 was mainly associated with grain yield per plant and heat stress index. The QTL clusters near RM258 （Binl0.5） on chromosome 10 was associated with spikelet number per panicle and heat stress index. These results wil

关 键 词：籼稻 选择导入系 开花期 耐热性 QTL 

分 类 号：S511.21[农业科学—作物学]