漫溃堤洪水联算全二维水动力模型及应用  

Comprehensive two-dimensional associate hydrodynamic models for overflow and levee-breach flood and its application

作　　者：苑希民[1] 田福昌 王丽娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《水科学进展》2015年第1期83-90,共8页Advances in Water Science

基　　金：高等学校学科创新引智计划资助项目(B14012)~~

摘　　要：为应对河道洪峰流量增大和漫溃堤长历时相伴发生的洪灾现象,借鉴全二维气相色谱理论提出全二维水动力模型概念,建立了模拟河道和灌区洪水演进的漫溃堤洪水联算全二维水动力模型,并采用Roe格式的近似Riemann解对界面通量进行数值求解。模型内通过漫溃堤堰流公式成功实现河道与灌区的耦联,考虑溃口展宽变化,加密处理河道网格,采用热启动与干湿水深理论对模型进行优化,并利用加大糙率法对村庄较为密集的地形进行优化处理,尽可能反应地面真实情况。将该模型应用于黄河宁蒙段河道与左右岸灌区的漫溃堤洪水演进模拟,计算结果合理可靠,流场分布均匀光滑,初步验证了模型的精度及可靠性,研究成果对河道溃决洪水的精细仿真模拟和该地区洪水风险分析决策具有重要意义。In order to better cope with the phenomenon of concurrent activity of peak discharge increase and long duration overflow and levee-breach,a comprehensive two-dimensional associate hydrodynamic model theory was proposed by referring to the theory of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography and the model was developed to simulate overflow and levee-breach flood over river channel. Approximate Riemann solution of Roe was used for numerical simulation of interface flux. In the model,coupling river and irrigated area was realized through weir flow equations of overflow and levee-breach,and with dyke broadening taken into account,levee and river-channel mesh was refined to optimize this model by hot start,dry depth and wet depth theory. Moreover,real terrain method was improved by increasing roughness to reflect the influence of dense villages. In this paper,the model was applied to the case of Ningmeng section of Yellow River to simulate overflow and levee-breach flood routing,the calculation results was proved reasonable and reliable,and the flow fields tend to smooth and well-distributed,which preliminarily validated of the accuracy and reliability of the model. The research results was of great significance to river outburst floods detailed simulation,flood risk analysis and flood control decision in this region.

关 键 词：全二维 漫溃堤洪水联算 热启动 干湿水深 糙率分区 宁蒙黄河段 

分 类 号：TV131.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]