埃博拉出血热重症患者的护理  

Nursing Care of Patients with Severe Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever

作　　者：孙娟[1] 张洁利[1] 林惠明[2] 王新华[3] 张昕[4] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第302医院肝病生物治疗研究中心,北京100039 [2]解放军第302医院非感染肝病诊疗中心 [3]解放军第302医院妇产中心 [4]解放军第302医院护理部

出　　处：《解放军护理杂志》2015年第2期1-3,共3页Nursing Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

摘　　要：目的总结埃博拉出血热(Ebola hemorrhagic fever,EHF)重症患者的临床特点、心理问题和护理措施。方法回顾性分析2014年10月在疫区塞拉利昂首都弗里敦一所医院收治的60例EHF重症患者的临床资料,分析并总结护理措施。结果EHF重症患者的临床症状主要以持续发热、极度乏力、频繁的呕吐和腹泻、食欲差甚至不能进食、呼吸困难及焦虑失眠为主;心理问题主要表现为焦虑和恐惧、孤独和无助、悲哀和自卑、悲观和绝望。经治疗后1例(1.7%)治愈,15例(25.0%)好转,44例(73.3%)病死。结论 EHF重症患者病情重、发展迅速、病死率高、心理问题复杂。护理人员应在确保自身安全的前提下尽快采取更多、更有针对性的护理干预方法,以促进患者康复、降低病死率。Objective To analyze and summarize the clinical features, psychological problems and nursing measures of severe patients with Ebola hemorrhagic fever （EHF）.Methods Clinical data of 60 severe patients with EHF who admitted to a hospital in Freetown in October 2014 were analyzed retrospectively, and we analyzed and concluded the nursing care measures.Results The main clinical symptoms of the severe patients with EHF included persistent fever, intense fatigue, frequent vomiting and diarrhea, poor appetite, difficulty in breathing, anxiety and insomnia; the main psychological problems included anxiety and fear, lonely and helpless, sorrow and inferiori- ty, pessimism and despair. After treatment, one patient （ 1.7%） recovered, and 15 patients （25.0 %） improved, while forty-four patients （73.3%） died.Conclusion Severe patients with EHF are characterized by severe condition, quick progression, high mortality and complex psychological problems. Under the proper infection control precautions, nursing staff should take more specific nursing care measures as soon as possible, which will help in promoting patients recover and reduce the mortality rate.

关 键 词：埃博拉出血热 重症患者 护理 

分 类 号：R512.8[医药卫生—内科学]