企业异质性、贸易自由化与就业变动——基于中国制造业企业的实证分析  

Firm Heterogeneity,Trade Liberalization and Job Flows:On Chinese Manufacturing Firm-level Data

作　　者：席艳乐[1] 王开玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学工商管理学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《财贸研究》2015年第1期61-72,共12页Finance and Trade Research

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目"企业异质性;进口贸易与中国国内就业"(14YJC790137)

摘　　要：基于企业就业的二元边际视角,利用高度细化的关税数据和投入产出表数据,测算中国制造业最终品和投入品贸易自由化水平,并在考虑企业异质性的基础上,实证分析1998—2007年中国制造业最终品和投入品贸易自由化对企业就业变动的影响。结果表明:贸易自由化对不同生产率企业的就业变动的影响存在显著差异,具体而言,会引起低生产率企业的就业损失和高生产率企业的就业创造,同时导致低生产率企业死亡率上升以及高生产率企业死亡率下降;相较于投入品贸易自由化,最终品贸易自由化对企业就业变动的影响效应更大。Based on the dual margin perspective of finn - level job flows, this paper uses the highly seg- regated tariff data and a longitudinal database containing the universe of manufacturing firms in china from 1998 - 2007 to present evidence of the impact of output and input trade liberalization on job flows of heteroge- neous enterprises. The empirical results show that the effect of trade liberalizations on firms＇ job flows varies with the productivity. To be specific, a decline in trade costs causes job destruction in the least productive finns, job creation in the most productive firms, an increase in the death likelihood of the least productive finns, and a decline in the death likelihood of the most productive f＇m-as. Moreover, this paper also finds that output trade liberalization has larger effects on firm - level job flows than input trade liberalization.

关 键 词：异质性企业 二元边际 就业变动 贸易自由化 

分 类 号：F752.0[经济管理—国际贸易]