基于GIS的东北黑土区土壤侵蚀模数计算  

Calculation of soil erosion modulus in the black soil region in northeastern China based on GIS

作　　者：孙禹[1] 哈斯额尔敦[1] 杜会石[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学资源学院,北京100875 [2]吉林师范大学旅游与地理科学学院,吉林四平136000

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2015年第1期1-7,共7页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑项目"荒漠化地区退化土地治理与植被保育技术集成与示范"(2012BAD16B02);国家自然科学基金"抛物线形沙丘的动态变化过程"(41171002)

摘　　要：为了监测及评估我国东北黑土区土壤侵蚀现状,在地理信息系统技术的支持下,应用CSLE模型,结合0.5 m分辨率的World View遥感影像,定量估算黑龙江省克山县古城小流域的土壤侵蚀量。结果表明:1)研究区的土壤侵蚀强度为轻度侵蚀,侵蚀区主要集中在该区的西北、东北和中南部地区;2)当坡度<20°时,土壤侵蚀程度较低,当坡度>20°时,土壤侵蚀较严重,此外坡度还能通过影响耕作措施的方式对土壤侵蚀强度产生间接作用,而水土保持措施因子和生物措施因子同样对土壤侵蚀区的分布范围及强度影响较大。研究结果对我国东北地区防治水土流失、减少河流泥沙、改善和恢复黑土肥力具有重要意义。In order to monitor and evaluate the status of soil erosion in the black soil region of northeastern China,we used GIS technology,Chinese Soil Loss Equation（CSLE） and World View remote sensing images with a spatial resolution of 0. 5 m to estimate soil erosion modulus in Gucheng Watershed of Keshan County in Heilongjiang Province. We revised the calculation method of biological measures to make the formula more applicable to the study area. Results demonstrate that soil erosion intensity in the studied region is mild,and erosion mainly takes place in northwestern,northeastern and southern central parts of the study area. When the slope is less than 20°,soil erosion seldom takes place; when exceeding the threshold of 20°,the greater the slope is,the more serious the soil erosion intensity is. In addition,slope can influence the erosion intensity indirectly with tillage measures. There are also several factors such as water conservation measures and biological measures that play important roles in the distribution of eroded area and intensity of erosion. The results are of important significance for measuring soil loss,reducing river sediment,improving and recovering fertility in black soil regions.

关 键 词：土壤侵蚀 CSLE模型 地理信息系统 克山县古城小流域 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]