用新安江-海河模型分析下垫面变化对设计洪水的影响  

Impact of the Change of Underlying Surface on Design Flood Responds with Xin'anjiang-Haihe Model

作　　者：顾玮琪 李致家[1] 黄鹏年[1] 张梦婕[1] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《水力发电》2015年第3期11-15,共5页Water Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41130639;51179045;41201028);水利部公益项目(201301068)

摘　　要：为了研究下垫面变化对设计洪水的影响,选择漳卫河南运河河系的安阳流域为研究区,建立考虑下垫面变化的新安江-海河模型,分别用1980年前后的次洪资料对其进行参数率定,根据参数变化来反映流域下垫面的变化:然后采用1980年后的参数重演1980年前的洪水,通过计算出的次洪径流深和洪峰的变化幅度来反映流域下垫面变化对洪水的影响;最后用此变化幅度对典型站设计洪水系列进行修订。结果表明,自由水容量和河网水流消退系数均呈增大趋势,导致同等降水条件下流域内径流深和洪峰明显减小,且洪峰的减小幅度大于径流深的减小幅度。在设计洪水修订时,中小洪水径流修订幅度远大于大洪水的修订幅度。认为流域内地下水开发、水利工程和平原区灌溉工程以及水土保持措施的实施是洪水变化的主要原因。In order to study the impact of the changes of underlying surface on design flood responds, a improved Xin＇anjiang-Haihe hydrological model is established for An＇yang Basin, upper reaches of Zhangwei River, and the parameters of model are calibrated by using the hourly flood data before and after 1980. The underlying surface changes are reflected by the changes of parameters. Then the flood hydrographs before 1980 are calculated again with the parameters of floods after 1980. The impacts of underlying surface changes to floods could be reflected by comparing the simulated values of runoff depths and flood peaks. The amplitude of variation is finally used as modified ratio to revise design flood. The simulation results indicate that the parameters of SM and Cs are increased so that the runoff depths and flood peaks of basin are significantly reduced under same precipitation, and the amplitude of flood peak reduction is greater than that of runoff depths. Compared with the flood runoff reduction amplitude of large storm events, the small one is greater when revising design flood. It can be considered that the groundwater development, water resources and plain irrigation project construction as well as the implement of soil and water conservation measures are the major causes of flood reduction.

关 键 词：设计洪水 新安江-海河模型 次洪模拟 下垫面变化 安阳流域 

分 类 号：TV122.3[水利工程—水文学及水资源]