基于SSR标记的太湖稻区常规粳稻DNA指纹图谱构建及遗传相似性分析  

DNA fingerprints construction and genetic similarity analysis of conventional japonica rice from Taihu Lake area based on SSR markers

作　　者：罗兵[1,2] 孙海燕[1,2] 杨志刚[1,2] 沈宗根[1,2] 汤俊[1] 端木银熙[2] 

机构地区：[1]常熟理工学院生物与食品工程学院,江苏常熟215500 [2]国家杂交水稻工程技术研究中心常熟分中心,江苏常熟215500

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2015年第1期9-14,共6页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：江苏省青年科学基金项目(BK20140417);苏州市科技计划项目(SNG201323);常熟市科技计划项目(CS201205,CN201409)

摘　　要：【目的】构建太湖稻区粳稻（Oryza sativa L.Subsp.Japonica）DNA指纹图谱,分析粳稻品种间的遗传相似性,为其育种和种子纯度鉴定提供参考。【方法】以19份太湖地区优质常规粳稻品种为材料,利用分布于水稻12条染色体上的24对SSR引物构建其DNA指纹图谱,并分析其遗传相似性。【结果】24对引物在19份粳稻品种中共检测到99个等位基因,每对SSR引物检测到等位基因1~7个,平均为4.1个。筛选获得能完全区分19份粳稻材料的4对核心引物（RM190、RM18、RM297、RM5414）,其在19份粳稻中可扩增获得22个多态性片段;以RM190和RM18区分鉴别粳稻材料的能力最强,可以区别鉴定6个粳稻品种,RM297和RM5414仅能鉴别2个粳稻品种,RM297能鉴别常农粳5号和宁9103,RM5414能区分南粳47和常粳10-9。19份粳稻品种间的遗传相似系数变幅为0.408~0.857,平均为0.605,遗传相似系数在0.500~0.700的材料占81.87%。UPGMA聚类分析结果显示,在遗传相似系数0.550处,19份粳稻材料可聚为两大类群;在遗传相似系数0.620和0.570处,两大类群均可分为两个亚群。【结论】太湖地区常规粳稻品种遗传背景相似度高,遗传多样性不够丰富,有待进一步加强引进和利用新的基因资源,创新水稻育种材料。[Objective]The present experiment was conducted to construct DNA fingerprint map of japonica rice varie- ties （Oryza sativa L. Subsp. Japonica） collected from Taihu Lake area, and analyze their genetic similarity in order to provide reference for japonica rice variety breeding and identification of seed purity. [Method]By taking 19 conventional japonica rice varieties with high quality from Taihu Lake rice area as materials, their DNA fingerprint maps were constructed by using 24 pairs of SSR primers distributed in 12 chromosomes of rice, and genetic similarity were also analyzed to conduct clustering analysis. [ Result ] By using 24 pairs of SSR primers, 99 alleles were detected out from 19 japonica rice varieties, and each pair of primers detected out 1-7 alleles with an average of 4.1. Four screened pairs of core SSR primers（RM190, RMI8, RM297 and RM5414） could be used for distinguishing 19 japonica rice varieties and amplified 22 polymorphic fragments. Out of which, RM190 and RM18 primers had the strongest capacity for distinguishing 6 japonica rice varieties, while RM297 and RM5414 only could distinguish 2 varieties. RM297 could distinguish Changnongjing 5 and Ning 9103, and RM5414 could distinguish Nanjing 47 and Changjing 10-9. The genetic similarity coefficient among 19 japonica rice varieties varied from 0.408 to 0.857 with an average of 0.605, and 81.87% of all tested materials ranged from 0.500 to 0.700. UPGMA clustering results showed that 19 japonica rice varieties were clustered into 2 groups at 0.55 of genetic similarity coefficient. Furthermore, both 2 groups were classified into two subgroups at 0.620 and 0.570 of genetic similarity coefficient. [Conclusion]The japonica rice varieties in Taihu Lake area presented relatively higher genetic background comparability, and are not in abundance of genetic diversity. Therefore, introducing and taking advantage of new genetic resources should be strengthened to create japonica rice breeding materials.

关 键 词：常规粳稻 DNA指纹构图谱 遗传相似性 太湖地区 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S326