植被过滤带对城区道路径流的延滞效果及TSS、Zn削减效率影响  

Detention Function of Vegetative Filter Strips to Urban Road Runoff and Subtractive Efficiency to Total Suspended Sediments and Zinc

作　　者：朱义[1] 孙嘉 崔心红[1] 张群[1] 王斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市园林科学研究所,上海200232 [2]上海市水利管理处,上海200002

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（农业科学版）》2015年第1期88-94,共7页Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(Agricultural Science)

基　　金：国家林业局林业公益性行业科研专项(201104088);上海市科学技术委员会科技攻关计划(11dz1201504)

摘　　要：本项目研究目的是测量上海市城区道路植被带对径流延迟效果和对污染的净化效率,为城区道路路边绿化提供依据。对裸地、野生杂草狗尾草、人工草坪高羊茅、高羊茅/狗尾草植被过滤带测定表明,随着植物覆盖率增加,在夏季径流的优势流速（Up）从0.750m/min降低到0.411m/min,对径流出流时间（Tc）延滞约0.90～11.63 min,对径流终止时间（Ts）延滞约3.61～13.60min;对TSS的平均净化率从16.02%上升到90.53%,对Zn的平均净化率从9.70%上升到93.98%;冬季植物枯落时期,延滞效应、TSS和Zn净化率均有所下降。提高径流进水的污染物浓度条件（TSS=542mg/L,Zn=0.541mg/L）,有植被覆盖的过滤带的TSS净化率略有提高,而Zn的净化率都没有明显改善,裸地的TSS和Zn净化率均没有提高。进水的污染物浓度为TSS=827mg/L,Zn=0.803mg/L时,植被覆盖对TSS的净化率没有进一步提高,而Zn的净化率则增加,裸地仍没明显变化。To investigate the detention function of vegetative filter strips（VFS）to urban road runoff in Shanghai and the efficiency to sewage purification,and provide a basis for the design of city roadside planting,four VFS were constructed with different vegetation to simulate the process of surface runoff detention and treat pollutants（sediments and zinc）within urban road runoff,these strips included nonvegetated strip,uncultivated weeds strip（Setaria viridis）,artificial turf strip（Festuca arundinacea）and mixed vegetative strip（Setaria viridis Festuca arundinacea）.The results indicated that the flow velocity（Up）values of the four strips were 0.750,0.448,0.429 and 0.411m/min,respectively.With theincreased plant coverage rate,the Up of overland runoff reduced from 0.750m/min to 0.411m/min.The average time of outflow starting and outflow ending in different VFS were delayed 0.90～11.63 min and 3.61～13.60 min,respectively,in summer.The average removal rate of suspended sediments（TSS）and zinc（Zn）were increased from 16.02% to 90.53%,and from 9.70% to 93.98%,respectively.The runoff detention and pollutants removal performance of VFS decreased in winter due to withered plants.As the TSS and Zn concentration of inflow were raised to 542 and 0.541 mg/L,purifying rate of TSS increased slightly in VFSs,but no significant improvement in Zn purification;TSS and Zn concentration of inflow were raised to 827 and 0.803mg/L,the purification rate of TSS did not increase further,but Zn purification did in vegetated strip.No change occurred in the TSS and Zn purification in non-vegetation area.

关 键 词：植被缓冲带 道路降雨径流 径流阻延效应 固体悬浮物 锌 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]