土壤中铅污染源解析研究  

An analytical study of Lead pollution sources in soils

作　　者：刘勇[1,2] 王成军[1] 冯涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学管理学院,陕西西安710055 [2]西安建筑科技大学理学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《西北大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第1期147-151,共5页Journal of Northwest University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：环保公益性行业科研专项基金资助项目(201109053);陕西省教育厅专项科研计划基金资助项目(12JK0861);陕西省重点学科建设专项基金资助项目(E08001)

摘　　要：用解析方法研究了土壤中铅污染的溯源问题。利用铅同位素的"指纹"特征,建立铅同位素概念模型并分析铅同位素多元混合模型的理想应用条件。重点是利用铅同位素概念模型建立铅同位素质量平衡模型、铅同位素丰度二次规划模型,论述模型的特点及适用范围。测定关中西部某工业园区周围土壤及铅锌冶炼厂矿石混合样、发电厂煤样及焦化厂混合煤样中的铅同位素组成及铅浓度。将实测数据用于铅同位素质量平衡模型、铅同位素丰度二次规划模型,计算各污染源对工业园区土壤铅贡献率的关系。研究发现,关中西部某工业园区周围土壤的铅污染主要是发电厂、焦化厂及铅锌厂的铅排放扩散的叠加作用造成的,其中发电厂和焦化厂对工业园区周围土壤的污染贡献率较大。最后指出土壤中铅污染源解析方法的发展趋势。The problem of Lead pollution source identification in soils is studied by an analytical method. Based on the ＂fingerprint＂ property of Lead isotope, a conceptual Lead isotope model is established and the ideal application condition for a multivariate mixed model of Lead isotope is analyzed. This paper focuses on modeling the mass balance model of Lead isotope and the quadratic programming model of Lead isotope ratios, and discussing the characteristics and application range of these models. The lead isotopic composition and density in the soils, the samples of mixed ore of Lead and Zinc smelters, coal of power plants and mixed coal of coking plants around an industrial park of the Midwestern Shaanxi are measured. By using these data to the mass balance model and the quadratic programming model, the relationship between the Lead pollution in the industrial park soil and the contribution of each pollution source are obtained. This study shows that the soil lead pollution around the industrial park of the Midwestern Shaanxi is mainly from the Lead emissions, diffusion and superimposition of the power plants, the coking plants and the Lead and Zinc plants, where the pollution contribution rate of the power plants and the coking plants are relatively large. Finally, the development trend of the analytical methods for soil Lead pollution sources is mentioned.

关 键 词：土壤 环境污染 污染源解析 受体模型 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]