集中空调冷却塔卫生管理措施对冷却水嗜肺军团菌污染的影响  

Influence of Sanitation Administration of Central Air Conditioning System on Legionella Pneumophila Contamination in Cooling Water

作　　者：牟敬锋[1] 严宙宁[1] 袁梦[1] 孙健[1] 韩金昌[1] 刘可[1] 罗文亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市南山区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518054

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2015年第2期104-107,共4页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：深圳市南山区科技创新局资助(2012060)

摘　　要：目的了解深圳市南山区公共场所集中空调冷却塔卫生管理状况及其冷却水嗜肺军团菌污染情况,并分析集中空调冷却塔卫生管理措施对冷却水嗜肺军团菌污染的影响。方法采用问卷调查和现场询问相结合的方式,于2013年对南山区37家公共场所集中空调冷却塔卫生管理状况进行调查,并采集冷却水水样进行嗜肺军团菌检测。结果目前南山区公共场所集中空调冷却塔卫生管理执行力度较差。不同清洗周期的冷却塔水嗜肺军团菌检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);定期向冷却水中投放防腐剂、除垢剂,定期对冷却水水质进行检测嗜肺军团菌阳性率分别为34.3%、30.0%,未进行上述二项处理的冷却水嗜肺军团菌阳性率分别为100.0%、71.4%,处理前、后冷却水嗜肺军团菌阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对冷却塔进行定期清洗,定期向冷却水中投放防腐剂、除垢剂,对冷却水水质进行定期检测,可以降低冷却水嗜肺军团菌污染的风险。Objective To investigate the hygienic administration status of central air conditioning system and to analyze its influence on legionella contamination. Methods The health management of cooling tower in 37 pub- lic places in Nanshan were investigated with questionnaires and on - the - spot inquiry in 2013. The cooling water was detected to identify Legionella pneumophila. Results The management enforcement of the central air conditioning cooling towers in Nanshan district was poor. The rate of Legionella pneumophila contamination was different in different way of cleaning cycle （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Positive rate of LegioneIla pneumophila in cooling wa- ter was respectively 34. 3% and 30. 0% in the condition of preservative （detergent） and regular examination of the cooling water. The positive rate of Legionella pneumophila was respectively 100. 0% and 71.4% in cool- ing water without preservative, detergent and with regular examination of the cooling water （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Con-clusion Regularly cleaning, preservation, detergent and water can reduce the risk of and regularly addition of examination of the cooling Legionella contamination.

关 键 词：公共场所 冷却塔 卫生管理 嗜肺军团菌 

分 类 号：R126.4[医药卫生—环境卫生学]