四种一年生荒漠植物构件形态与生物量间的异速生长关系  

Allometric relationship between modular morphology and biomass of four annuals in the Gurbantunggut Desert,China

作　　者：谢然[1] 陶冶[2] 常顺利[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学资源与环境科学学院绿洲生态教育部重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830046 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第3期648-655,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41201056)资助

摘　　要：1年生草本植物是古尔班通古特沙漠夏秋季节草本层片的主要组成部分。选择4种藜科1年生草本植物(刺沙蓬、沙蓬、角果藜和对节刺)作为研究对象,对比分析了各物种构件形态特征、生物量分配以及它们之间的异速生长关系。结果表明:沙蓬个体最大,其次为刺沙蓬,角果藜和对节刺个体最小;对节刺具有最大的根冠比(R/S),其次是刺沙蓬,沙蓬和角果藜R/S最小。4种植物构件形态与生物量间均呈显著正相关,表现出强烈的协同变化趋势。R/S与绝大部分指标间呈显著负相关,表明随个体增大地下生物量分配比例逐渐减小。4种植物各构件形态、地上及地下生物量间大部分呈指数<1.0的异速生长关系,但各物种间的异速生长指数绝大部分无显著差异且具有共同的异速生长指数。研究表明:尽管物种不同、个体大小迥异,但4种1年生植物构件特征间多具有相同的生长速率和协同变化特征,体现了1年生植物这一生活型内的不同物种对干旱荒漠环境的趋同适应。Annuals are an important component of herbaceous layer in summer and autumn in the Gurbantunggut Desert, China. In this study, four annuals （Salsola ruthenica Iljin, AgriophyUum squarrosum L. Moq., Ceratocarpus arenarius L., and Horaninowia ulicina Fisch. et Mey. ） in Chenopodiaceae were chosen as targets, and the modular morphology, biomass allocation and their allometric relationships were comparatively analyzed. The results indicated that A. sqttarro- sum had the biggest body size （volume and biomass）, followed by S. ruthenica, and C. arenarius and S. pycnophylla were the smallest. S. pycnophylla had the highest ratio of root to shoot biomass （R/S）, followed by S. ruthenica, and A. squarrosum and C. arenarius were the lowest. There were significant positive correlations between modular morphology and biomass, indicating a strong tendency of collaborative change. R/S showed negative correlations between most morpho- logical variables and biomass, indicating that the allocation ratio of belowground biomass de- creased gradually with the increase of plant size. Most of the modular morphology and biomass in- dices represented significant allometric relationships with the scaling exponent 〈1.0, but most of the allometric scaling exponents among the four annuals were not different and these species all had the common scaling exponent each. This result revealed that although the plant sizes of the four species varied, the four annuals had the same growth ratio and collaborative change charac-teristics among these modular morphology and biomass indices, reflecting the convergent adapta- tion of different species in the life-form ＇annuals＇ to arid deserts.

关 键 词：1年生植物 生物量 异速生长关系 根冠比 荒漠 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]