超级双季晚稻产量构成与温光因子的关系  

Relationship of yield components and temperature and light factors for super double-cropping late rice

作　　者：宁金花 陆魁东[3,2] 宋忠华 张艳贵 周玉 

机构地区：[1]湖南省长沙农业气象试验站,长沙410125 [2]气象防灾减灾湖南省重点实验室,长沙410118 [3]湖南省气象科学研究所,长沙410007

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第3期688-694,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：中国气象局公益性行业科研专项(GYHY201206020)资助

摘　　要：利用2011—2013年岳优6135超级稻分期播种数据,分析了年际间和不同播期间产量结构的差异性,并基于产量形成期的逐日温度、日照资料,建立了产量结构与温光及其组合的模型。结果表明：同一年份,播期较晚的产量结构相对较差,不同年份之间也有波动;随着播期的推迟,同一播期不同年份之间的差异有增大的趋势,最佳播种期是6月中旬至7月上旬;积温与穗结实粒数呈开口向下的抛物线关系,当积温达到873℃时,穗结实粒数最高;积温、光照与空壳率之间呈“凸形下降”关系,与结实率之间呈“凸型上升”的关系;当灌浆条件同时满足积温700~920℃、日照为180 h以上时,超级稻的结实率较高,空壳率较低。本试验的研究结果为长江中下游地区合理安排播种期、合理利用气候资源提供了重要的指导意义。Using the data of super rice Yueyou 6135 with different sowing dates in 2011-2013, the differences of yield components between different years and sowing dates were analyzed, and the relationship models between yield components and temperature, light and their combination were established based on daily temperature and sunshine data during yield formation. The results showed that the yield component of rice with later sowing date in the same year was relatively poor, and fluctuated between different years. As the sowing date delayed, the differences in yield component of rice at the same sowing date became greater among different years. The best sowing dates were from mid-June to early July. Accumulated temperature showed a down parabola rela- tionship with grain number per spike, and when the accumulated temperature reached 873 ~C, the grain number per spike was the highest. The accumulated temperature and sunshine had con- vex down relationships with empty grain rate, and had convex up relationships with seed setting rate. When 700-920 ℃ accumulated temperature and ~〉 180 h sunshine were simultaneously met, super rice had higher seed setting rate and lower empty grain rate. The results of this study had important guiding significance to arrange sowing date and utilize climate resources rationally in regions of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

关 键 词：岳优6135 分期播种 产量结构 积温 光照 

分 类 号：S511.33[农业科学—作物学]