陕西红碱淖棕头鸥孵卵行为  

Hatching behavior of brown-headed gull Larus brunnicephalus in Hongjiannao of Shaanxi Province,Northwest China

作　　者：汪青雄[1] 肖红[1] 杨超[1] 刘铮 

机构地区：[1]陕西省动物研究所,西安710032 [2]陕西省信息网络与软件创新工程中心,西安710043

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第3期760-764,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：陕西省科学院重点项目(2011K-02);陕西省科学院基础应用项目(2012K-06)资助

摘　　要：2014年5—6月,应用e-Science信息技术,对红碱淖棕头鸥的孵卵行为进行了研究。结果表明,不同孵化阶段昼夜间孵卵节律分别为:孵化前期换孵次数7.88±1.08(n=39)、5.00±0.89(n=39),坐巢方向变换27.75±2.04(n=39)、14.37±1.72(n=39),翻卵次数27.13±2.02(n=39)、11.25±1.08(n=39);孵化中期换孵次数3.11±0.19(n=65)、1.32±0.11(n=65),坐巢方向变换23.37±0.91(n=65)、10.95±0.86(n=65),翻卵次数21.11±1.11(n=65)、8.47±0.77(n=65);孵化后期换孵次数3.17±0.22(n=42)、0.95±0.05(n=42),坐巢方向变换20.06±1.46(n=42)、6.62±0.84(n=42),翻卵次数22.39±1.78(n=42)、5.33±0.55(n=42)。当大风或大雨时,对同一孵化阶段的换孵次数、坐巢方向变换和翻卵次数均存在极显著差异(P<0.01)。双亲交替换孵主要集中于04:00—10:00、12:00—14:00等时间段内。孵化后期,亲鸟坐巢时长达到(713.29±40.62)min(n=42)。棕头鸥通过调节昼夜间的孵卵节律来控制卵的温度,以保证昼夜间卵胚胎的正常发育。同时与同域分布繁殖的遗鸥的孵卵节律进行了比较。By using e-Science information technology, an investigation was made on the hatching behavior of brown-headed gull （Larus brunnicephalus） in the Hongjiannao of Shaanxi Province, Northwest China from May to June, 2014. The diurnal hatching rhythms at different hatching sta- ges were as follows. At daytime, the time of exchanging hatching at the early, medium, and late stages of hatching averaged 7.88± 1.08 （ n = 39 ）, 3.11± 0.19 （ n = 65 ）, and 3.17 ± 0.22 （ n = 42 ）, the changes of sitting nest direction averaged 27.75 ± 2.04 （ n = 39 ）, 23.37± 0.91 （ n = 65 ）, and 20.06±1.46 （n=42） , and the times of turning eggs over averaged 27.13±2.02 （n= 39） , 21.11±1.11 （n=65）, and 22.39±1.78 （n=42）, respectively. At night, the times of exchanging hatching averaged 5.00±0.89 （n=39）, 1.32±0.11 （n=65）, and 0.95±0.05 （n=42）, the changes of sitting nest direction averaged 14.37 ± 1.72 （ n = 39）, 10.95 ± 0.86 （ n = 65 ）, and 6.62±0.84 （n=42）, and the times of turning eggs over averaged 11.25±1.08 （n= 39）, 8.47± 0.77 （n=65）, and 5.33±0.55 （n=42）, respectively. On the days with strong wind or heavy rain, there existed significant differences in the times of exchanging hatching, the change of sit- ting nest direction, and the times of turning eggs over at the same hatching stages, as compared with those on fine days. The time intervals of exchanging hatching by the parents were mainly at 04：00--10：00, and 12：00--14：00. At the late stage of hatching, the duration of sitting nest by the parents was as long as （713.29±40.62） min （n=42）. It was suggested that the parents con- trolled the egg temperature via regulating the diurnal hatching rhythm to assure the normal deve- lopment of egg embryo during daytime and night. At the same time, incubation rhythms of brown- headed gull were compared with those of sympatric relict gull.

关 键 词：棕头鸥 孵卵行为 e-Science技术 红碱淖 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]