茅埏岛不同生境大型底栖动物生物多样性  

Biodiversity of macrobenthic communities in different habitats of Maoyan Island,China

作　　者：李海宏[1] 江旷 鲍毅新[1] 王华[1] 任鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学生态研究所,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第3期765-772,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目(ZEO204)资助

摘　　要：2012年11月—2013年10月,对浙江台州茅埏岛不同生境下的大型底栖动物进行了4次取样调查,比较了红树林、互花米草和光滩生境下大型底栖动物的生物多样性及季节变化。共检出大型底栖动物48种,隶属8门9纲28科,其中软体动物、节肢动物和环节动物占总物种数的83.3%。用定量取样的密度数据计算大型底栖动物的Shannon指数、Pielou指数、Margalef指数、Simpson指数和G-F多样性指数,结果表明:互花米草生境在物种种数和栖息密度上均低于光滩和红树林生境,物种种数在季节上春夏两季高于秋冬两季;从Shannon指数和G-F多样性指数上看,红树林生境下大型底栖动物的多样性高于光滩与互花米草生境;红树林间,红树幼林大型底栖动物物种多样性低于6年生和8年生红树林,而科属多样性高于后两者。生境和季节是影响大型底栖动物分布的重要因素。From November 2012 to October 2013, macrobenthic assemblages and biodiversities were investigated seasonally in different intertidal habitats of Maoyan Island in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province. The habitats included artificial Kandelia obovata mangrove forests with different ages, Spartina alterniflora marsh, and bare mudflat. A total of 48 species were recorded, belonging to 28 families, 9 classes, and 8 phyla. Arthropods, mollusks, and annelidas accounted for 83.3% of the total. The density characters of quantitative sampling were used to calculate Shannon in- dex, Pielou index, Margalef index, Simpson index, and G-F diversity index. The results showed that the species and density in S. alterniflora habitat were lower than in K. obovata and natural tidal flat habitats. The numbers of species in summer and spring were higher than in autumn and winter. Either Shannon index or G-F index in mangrove forests was higher than in the other habi- tats. The species diversity in the young mangrove forest was lower than that in the 6- and 8-year- old mangrove forests, but family and genus diversities were higher in the young mangrove forest. Variance analysis and hierarchical cluster showed that habitat and season were the key factors affecting the distribution of macrobenthic communities.

关 键 词：G-F指数 大型底栖动物 红树林 生物多样性 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]