秸秆不同还田方式对棕壤N_2O排放和土壤理化性质的影响  

Effects of different straw incorporation ways on N_2O emission and soil physicochemical properties of brown soil

作　　者：兰宇[1] 孟军[1] 杨旭[1] 江琳琳[1] 刘遵奇 刘赛男[1] 陈温福[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学辽宁省生物炭工程技术研究中心,沈阳110866

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第3期790-796,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303095);国家自然科学基金项目(41401325);科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B01)资助

摘　　要：通过田间试验,采用静态箱-气相色谱法研究秸秆炭化还田和直接还田对棕壤旱田氧化亚氮(N2O)排放和相关土壤理化性质的影响。试验设单施化肥(对照CK)、化肥+玉米秸秆直接还田(CS)、化肥+玉米秸秆炭化还田(BC)3个处理,各处理均施用等量化肥。结果表明:(1)各处理土壤N2O排放量差异显著,表现为CK>CS>BC,BC和CS处理分别比CK降低38.9%和24.0%;(2)BC处理N2O排放强度显著降低,分别比CS和CK处理降低35.0%和39.2%,而CS与CK处理N2O排放强度差异不显著;(3)CS和BC处理均可显著降低土壤容重和氨氧化潜势,增加土壤p H、速效钾和有机碳含量;(4)相关分析结果表明,N2O排放量与土壤温度、土壤容重和氨氧化潜势均呈显著正相关,与土壤p H、硝态氮含量和土壤有机碳含量呈负相关。A field experiment was conducted to investigate the soil physicochemical properties and N20 emissions from brown soil amended with different materials by static chamber-gas chro- matography method. Three treatments, including single fertilization （CK） , fertilization and corn stover incorporation （CS） and fertilization and carbonized corn stover incorporation （BC） were set with the same rate of chemical fertilizer. The results showed that： （1） The N20 emissions of BC and CS decreased by 38.9% and 24.0% respectively, compared to CK. （2） Compared with CS and CK, the N20 emission intensity of BC decreased by 35.0% and 39.2% respectively, but no significant difference was observed between CS and CK. （3） Both CS and BC decreased soil bulk density, ammonia oxidation potential, and increased soil pH, available potassium and or- ganic carbon content. （4） Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive corre- lation between N20 emission and soil temperature, soil bulk density or ammonia oxidation poten- tial. A significant negative correlation was found between N20 emission and soil pH or nitrate ni- trogen concentration. There was also a negative correlation between N20 emission and soil organic carbon.

关 键 词：玉米秸秆 生物炭 N2O 土壤理化性质 棕壤 

分 类 号：S153.4[农业科学—土壤学]