施肥模式对设施菜地根际土壤微生物群落结构和丰度的影响  

Effects of different fertilization regimes on community structure and abundance of soil microorganisms in greenhouse vegetable rhizosphere soils

作　　者：王亚男[1] 曾希柏[1] 王玉忠 白玲玉[1] 李莲芳[1] 吴翠霞[1] 俄胜哲[3] 马世铭[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所/农业部农业环境重点实验室,北京100081 [2]甘肃省凉州区农业技术推广中心,甘肃武威733000 [3]甘肃省农科院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所,兰州730070

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第3期826-834,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD05B06)资助

摘　　要：以甘肃武威长期定位设施菜地为研究对象,设定CK(对照)、MNPK(有机肥和无机肥配施)、1/2MNPK(1/2有机肥和无机肥)、M(单有机肥)、NPK(单化肥)等5种施肥处理,采用末端限制性片段多态性分析(T-RFLP)和实时荧光定量PCR技术,研究了根际土壤中细菌、氨氧化细菌和nir K型反硝化细菌群落结构和丰度的变化。结果表明:施肥和根际效应均对设施菜地土壤中的细菌、氨氧化细菌和nir K型反硝化细菌群落结构和丰度产生影响。施肥模式影响根际细菌、氨氧化细菌和nir K型反硝化细菌的主要种群,但对不同功能微生物的影响有差异。细菌16S rRNA基因、amo A基因和nir K基因的最大丰度分别出现在M、MNPK和M处理,为每克干土6.60×109、1.85×108和3.49×107个拷贝数,是CK处理的2.74、2.81和3.46倍。土壤p H值、有机质和全磷含量是影响设施菜地根际细菌、氨氧化细菌和nir K型反硝化细菌丰度的关键因素。The effects of five fertilization regimes including CK, MNPK, I/2MNPK, M and NPK on the community structure and abundance of rbizosphere bacteria, ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nirK-type denitrifying bacteria were investigated by the combinatiotl of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism （T-RFLP） and real-time quantitative PCR in long-term green- house vegetable soils in Wuwei City, Gansu Province. The results showed that the community structure and abundance of bacteria, ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nirK-type denitrifying bacte- ria were significantly influenced by both fertilization regimes and rhizosphere effects. Fertilization regimes changed the main populations of the rhizosphere bacteria, ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nirK-type denitrifying bacteria, but their influences were discrepant in different functional microorganisms. The highest abundances of 16S rRNA gene, amoA gene and nirK gene were de- tected in M, MNPK and M treatments, which were 6.60× 10^9, 1.85×10^8 and 3.49×10^7 copy numbers per gram dry soil, and 2.74, 2.81 and 3.46 times of that in CK treatment, respectively. Soil pH, soil organic matter and total phosphorous contents were the key factors influencing the abundances of bacteria, ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nirK-type denitrifying bacteria in green- house vegetable rhizosphere soils.

关 键 词：施肥模式 根际 设施菜地 末端限制性片段多态性分析(T-RFLP) 实时荧光定量PCR 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]