市场化改革、政府干预与区域旅游业发展:从宏观视角来解读困境  

Market-oriented Reform, Government Involvement and Regional Tourism Development: Understanding a Dilemma from Macrocosm

作　　者：王彩萍[1] 徐红罡[1] 张萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学旅游学院,广东广州510275

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2015年第3期44-52,共9页Tourism Tribune

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"制度环境对我国旅游产业增长影响的实证研究:基于时空视角的分析"(71203242);"生活方式型旅游小企业的时空格局及演变机制"(41371156)资助~~

摘　　要：随着我国经济体制改革不断深化,宏观制度环境对于区域旅游产业增长的影响日益凸显。文章从市场化改革和政府干预两个层面,系统分析了区域宏观制度环境因素对于旅游业发展的可能影响以及作用机理,并采用1997—2009年我国省际层面旅游业相关数据,对此进行了实证检验。研究结果表明,中国区域旅游业的快速发展主要源于市场化改革推动,然而,目前尚不完善的要素市场并没有给地区旅游业发展带来积极效应;同时,政府干预导致政策执行过程中可能存在的误区弱化了其积极作用的发挥。在此基础上,提出应该"跳出旅游看旅游",完善区域宏观制度环境,进一步促进地区旅游业发展的政策建议。This article focuses on the influences of regional macro institutional environmental factors on local tourism development. Specifically, five institutional factors, including the development level of market intermediaries and law environment, development of product market, development of factor market, degree of government intervention and development of private economy are used to measure the process of the market- oriented reform and government intervention of macro institutional environments of China＇s 32 provinces. Then, based on the existing literature and tourism practices,hypotheses regarding the impacts of these five institutional factors on local tourism development were proposed. Five corresponding indexes, proposed by Fan, et al.（2011） and widely used in Chinese studies, were used to measure these five institutional factors which act as the main explainable variables for the growth of local tourism. Considering that macro institutional environment mainly brings impacts on local tourism development from the supply-side, thirteen indexes from China yearbook of tourism statistics were collected to reflect the development of local tourism. Panel data from the year of 1997 to 2009 of each province were used in the analysis. Factor analysis was first adopted to calculate the comprehensive scores of tourism industry in different regions. Then they were used as dependent variables in subsequent regression analysis. The regression model also includes some control variables, such as per capita GDP, per capita total fixed assets, consumption index, price index and degree of urbanization. GMM analysis was conducted through STATA.The empirical results support some of hypotheses. Overall, the positive influence of marketoriented reform on regional tourism development has been proved. Specifically, the developed market intermediaries and law environment facilitate the promotion of the destination. This may be because the developed market intermediaries and law environment are helpful to reduce the transaction c

关 键 词：宏观制度环境 市场化改革 不公平竞争 旅游供给 

分 类 号：F592[经济管理—旅游管理]