不同月份降雨量对套袋苹果黑点病的影响  

Effects of Rainfall in Different Months on Bagged Apple Black-rot Disease

作　　者：李夏鸣[1] 李捷[1] 李庆亮[1] 黄军保[1] 孟利峰[1] 于静[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院果树研究所,山西晋中030815

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第4期217-221,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家苹果产业技术体系项目"苹果果实病害岗位"(nycytx-08-04-01;CARS-28-21);山西省农业科学院博士研究基金项目"苹果霉心病主要致病菌致病机理的研究"(YBSJJ1307)

摘　　要：为明确不同月份降雨量对套袋苹果黑点病的影响,以‘红富士’苹果树为试材,于2011、2012和2013年调查山东烟台、陕西白水、河南三门峡套袋苹果黑点病发病率,记录不同月份降雨量,通过统计分析不同月份降雨量对套袋苹果黑点病发病率的影响。结果表明:不同年份苹果黑点病发病率不同,2011年>2012年>2013年。3个地区苹果黑点病的平均发病率由东向西依次降低,具体表现为山东烟台>河南三门峡>陕西白水。1、4、5、7月的降雨量与苹果黑点病发病率成负相关,但是相关性均不显著(P>0.05);而其他月份降雨量与苹果黑点病发病率成正相关,其中9月降雨量极显著地影响了苹果黑点病的发生,Pearson相关系数达0.861(P<0.01)。8月和9月平均降雨量与苹果黑点病发病率的Pearson相关系数达0.862(P<0.01)。1、7、10月降雨强度与苹果黑点病发病率成负相关,但是相关性均为不显著(P>0.05);而其他月份的降雨强度均与苹果黑点病发病率成正相关,特别是6、8、9月这3个月降雨强度与苹果黑点病发病率的Pearson相关性均为显著(P<0.01)。其中8、9月平均降雨强度对苹果黑点病发病率的Pearson相关系数达0.907(P<0.01)。以上结果表明,8、9月降雨量和降雨强度与苹果黑点病发病率密切正相关,由此推断8、9月是防治苹果黑点病的关键时期。In order to elucidate the effects of rainfall in different months on bagged apple black-rot disease, westudied the incidence of‘Red Fuji＇apple black-rot disease in Yantai Shandong, Baishui Shanxi andSanmenxia Henan in 2011, 2012, 2013. The results showed that the incidence of bagged apple black-rotdisease varied in different years. It was the highest in 2011 and the lowest in 2013. The incidence of appleblack-rot disease also varied in different areas. It showed that disease incidence gradually reduced from east towest and followed this order： Yantai Shandong 〉Baishui Shanxi 〉Sanmenxia Henan. The rainfall in January,April, May and July had negative correlation with the incidence of apple black-rot disease, but the correlationswere not significant. The rainfall in other months had positive correlation with the incidence of apple black-rotdisease. Especially in September the rainfall significantly affected the incidence of apple black-rot disease, thePearson correlation coefficient was 0.861（P〈0.01）. Pearson correlation coefficient of average rainfall of Augustand September and the incidence of apple black-rot disease was 0.862（P〈0.01）. The rainfall intensity in January, July and October had negative correlation with the incidence of apple black-rot disease. However,there was no associated significance. Rainfall intensity in other months had positive correlation with theincidence of apple black-rot disease. In June, August and September, the rainfall intensity significantlyaffected the incidence of apple black-rot disease（P〈0.01）. Moreover, Pearson correlation coefficient of averagerainfall intensity of August and September and the incidence of apple black-rot disease was 0.907（P〈0.01）. Sothe rainfall and rainfall intensity both have significant positive correlation with the incidence of appleblack-rot disease in August and September, which were the critical period of the apple black-rot diseasecontrol.

关 键 词：苹果黑点病 不同月份 降雨量 降雨强度 

分 类 号：S436.611[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]