氮肥追施时期对强筋小麦产量和面粉品质的影响  

Effect of Nitrogen Dressing Application in Different Period on the Yield and Grain Quality of Strong Gluten Wheat

作　　者：杨丽娟[1] 蒋志凯[1] 盛坤[1] 李晓航[1] 赵宗武[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南省新乡市农业科学院,河南新乡453000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第6期26-30,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家农业科技成果转化资金"国审强筋小麦新品种新麦26中试与示范"(2012GB2D000266);河南省重大科技专项"小麦新品种选育与示范"(O520010101)

摘　　要：为给强筋小麦高产优质栽培中的氮肥合理运筹提供依据,以强筋小麦新品种‘新麦26’为材料,在施氮量为240 kg/hm2的前提下,研究了分别在起身期、拔节期、孕穗期和开花期4个时期追施氮肥对优质强筋小麦产量及面粉品质的影响。结果表明,在施氮量一致的基础上,从起身期到开花期随着氮肥追施时期的推迟,‘新麦26’籽粒产量呈先增加后降低的趋势,其中孕穗期追施氮肥小麦籽粒产量显著高于其他处理,穗数最多,穗粒数仅次于拔节期追施氮肥,千粒重最高。拔节追施氮处理面团稳定时间最长,粉质评价值最高,籽粒产量次于孕穗氮处理。开花氮处理籽粒产量和粉质评价值最低。‘新麦26’面团吸水率、稳定时间在不同处理间差异较小。建议在生产中将强筋小麦的氮肥追施时期安排在孕穗开始时,既可获得较高的籽粒产量又能保证面粉品质。In order to improve nitrogen management for higher yield and quality of strong gluten wheat,at Nfertilizer application amount of 240 kg/hm^2,the effect of nitrogen dressing application on the yield and grainquality of‘Xinmai26＇at 4 different stages were studied.The results showed that,the yield increased first anddecreased later with delay of nitrogen dressing application.Dressing nitrogen in booting stage was proved to bethe best for the yield and achieved the most ears and the highest grain weight and second-placed grains perspike.Nitrogen dressing in shooting stage gained the longest dough stabilization time and the highestfarinograph parameters,nitrogen dressing in flowering period had the lowest yield and the worst quality.Thewater absorption and stabilization time of different‘Xinmai26＇dough in 4 different nitrogen dressingapplication didn＇t vary significantly.All the above results suggested that dressing nitrogen in booting stageshould be the best treatment with high yield and good quality.

关 键 词：强筋小麦 追氮 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]