压力钢管爆管对并联调压室水电站瞬变流的影响  

Investigation of fluid transients in the hydropower station with parallel surge chambers under pressurized steel pipe burst

作　　者：乔艳伟[1] 周建旭[1] 结少鹏 张松磊[1] 刘俊平[1] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水利水电学院,江苏南京210098 [2]浙江省水利水电勘测设计院,浙江杭州310002

出　　处：《水利水电科技进展》2015年第2期57-61,共5页Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51079051)

摘　　要：为了研究水电站压力钢管爆管的特殊水力瞬变特性及其对运行机组的影响,建立压力钢管爆管计算模型,结合设置并联调压室的水电站,开展了明钢管爆管的瞬变流分析,研究了不同爆管特征断面和爆管孔口面积下水力-机械系统的水力参数特征。结果表明:水电站压力钢管爆管的瞬变特性与爆管位置及爆口面积大小密切相关;爆管支路的流量和压力发生剧烈变化,引起机组蜗壳失压、引水调压室漏空等典型事故现象;爆管支路蝶阀的关闭控制和并联调压室的存在,可以有效降低对并联支路和运行机组的影响。In order to study the special hydraulic transient characteristics of pressurized steel pipe burst in hydropower stations and their influence on operating units,the mathematical simulation model of pressurized steel pipe burst was built and the hydropower station with parallel surge chambers was set. Based on that,this paper analyzed the fluid transients of exposed pressurized pipe burst and investigated the hydraulic parameters in the hydro-mechanical system with different burst characteristic sections and different burst areas. The results showed that there is a strong connection between the transient characteristics of pressurized steel pipe burst in hydropower stations and the burst position and its area as well.Additionally,the severe changes of flow and pressure of the pipe burst branch may lead to some typical phenomenons including instantaneous loss of pressure at spiral case and water empty in the upstream surge chamber. Finally,it is also showed that the effect of pipe burst along one branch on the paralleled branch and the operating unit is alleviated when the butterfly valve of the branch and the parallel surge chambers are closed.

关 键 词：水电站 压力钢管 明钢管 爆管 并联调压室 瞬变流 

分 类 号：TV134[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] TV732.41