某金精矿综合回收利用工程职业病危害识别与关键控制点分析  

Identification of occupational hazards and analysis of key control points for the gold concentrate recovery and utilization project

作　　者：赵雷[1] 戴思泽 苏世标[1] 闫雪华[1] 陈建雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院职业卫生评价所,广东广州510300

出　　处：《中国卫生工程学》2015年第1期14-17,20,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health Engineering

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2011B031900005)

摘　　要：目的分析某金精矿综合回收利用工程运行期间存在的职业病危害因素及其危害程度,确定职业病危害关键控制点。方法采用检查表法、职业卫生调查法、检测检验法、工程分析法相结合,对职业病危害进行识别和分析。结果该工程存在的职业病危害因素主要有粉尘、氧化钙、铅烟、铅尘、氰化氢、氰化物、硫化氢、氯、二硫化碳、异丁醇、异戊醇、高温、噪声、工频电磁场等。石灰乳制备间存在氧化钙,短时间检测浓度超标,最大值13.0 mg/m3(超限倍数为6.5);含氰污水中和液槽和硫氰化亚铜存放处氰化氢浓度超标,最大值8.09 mg/m3(超过职业接触限值8.09倍)和2.32 mg/m3(超过职业接触限值2.32倍);质检化验工预混时接触铅尘测定浓度超标,最大值0.272 mg/m3(超限倍数为5.4);给矿工、磨矿工、浮选工、置换工接触噪声强度超过限值要求,最高为95.0 d B(A);质检化验工WBGT指数超过职业接触限值,最高值为51.5℃;其他职业病危害因素的浓度或强度均符合国家规定的职业接触限值。结论该厂职业病危害因素较复杂,其主要职业病危害因素为氰化氢、噪声和高温,应从职业病危害发生的关键控制部位加强防治工作。Objective To analyze the occupational hazards and key control points in a newly gold concentrate recovery and utilization project. Methods According to relative national standards,the methods of occupational hygiene investigation,and occupational exposure monitoring,and check lists were applied. Results The main occupational hazard factors that existed in the project were dust,calciumoxide,leadfume,leaddust,hydrogen cyanide,cyanide,hydrogen sulfide,chlorine,carbon disulfide,isobutyl alcohol,isoamyl alcohol,heat stress,noise,sub- radiofrequency magnetic fields,etc. The maximam value of short- term concentrations of calcium oxide at lime- milk preparation room was 13. 0 mg / m^3（ excursion limits was6. 5 times）; The short- term concentrations of lead dust at premixture was 0. 272 mg / m^3（ excursion limits was 5. 4 times）;The maximum concentrations of hydrogen cyanide at neutralization tank and cuprous rhodanide storage were 8. 09 mg / m^3 and 2. 32 mg / m^3,respectively,which exceeded the occupational exposure limits; Individual noise intensities of 4 jobs were over occupational exposure limits,maximums of noise intensity was 95. 0 d B（ A）; Heat stress at quality inspection center was higher than the occupational exposure limits,maximums of WBGT was 51. 5℃; Others occupational hazards in the workplaces were below the occupational exposure limits. Conclusion The occupational hazard is complex,the most important factors are hydrogen cyanide,noise and heat stress,hygienic treatment measures should be strengthened.

关 键 词：职业病危害 关键控制点 氰化氢 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]