潍坊市某化工企业高血压患病率及相关因素分析  

Analysis of the prevalence rate and related factors of hypertension in the chemical enterprise of Weifang city

作　　者：初永华[1] 王延升[2] 李路[1] 郝晓艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]潍坊市疾病预防控制中心门诊部,山东潍坊261061 [2]潍坊市人民医院

出　　处：《中国卫生工程学》2015年第1期41-44,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Engineering

摘　　要：目的了解某化工企业接触有毒有害作业场所高血压的患病率及相关因素,为高血压的防治提供参考依据。方法对某化工企业2013年职业健康查体结果统计分析。结果接触有毒有害作业职工的高血压患病率为8.03%。男性高血压患病率高于女性,差异有统计学意义（男性10.20%,女性3.28%,χ^2=47.45,P〈0.000 1）。接害工龄≥5年,随着接害工龄的延长,高血压患病率也逐步升高;接害工龄≤4年,高血压患病率高于接害工龄5年-组和10年-组两组,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=7.06,P〈0.05）。在不同的有害因素中,以电焊烟尘（电焊工）的高血压患病率最高,化学因素的高血压患病率最低,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=43.32,P〈0.005）。结论在从事有毒有害作业的场所中,性别、接害工龄、有害因素的种类均为高血压患病率的相关因素,且以电焊烟尘的影响程度最大。提示在从事有毒有害因素的职业活动中,尽量减少接触有害因素的种类和时间。Objective To investigate the prevalence rate and related factors of hypertension in the chemical enterprise contact with poisonous and harmful workplace,and provide reference for the prevention and control of hypertension. Methods The workers＇ health examination was carried out in 2013,and the results were analyzed statistically. Results The prevalence rate of hypertension was 8. 03% in workers who contacted with toxic and harmful factors. The prevalence rate of hypertension was higher in male than in female（ male 10. 20%,female 3. 28%,χ^2= 47. 45,P 〈0. 000 1）; After being exposed for more than 5 years,the prevalence rate increased gradually. Moreover the prevalence rate of hypertension in less than 4 years seniority exposed group was higher than those groups which exposed for more than 5 years or 10 years.There was statistical significant difference（ χ^2= 7. 06,P〈 0. 05）; The welders who contacted with weld fume had the highest hypertension prevalence rate,however the others contacted with chemical factors had the lowest hypertension prevalence rate,the difference was statistically significant（ χ^2= 43. 32,P 〈0. 005）. Conclusion Gender,exposure time,types of harmful factors are relevant factors of the prevalence rate of hypertension for the workers who contact with poisonous and harmful factors. The weld fume has the maximum impact. It is suggested that the workers should reduce the types and time of exposure to harmful factors working in toxic and hazardous occupational activities in order to decrease the incidence of hypertension.

关 键 词：高血压 患病率 相关因素 化工企业 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]