大田淹水对夏玉米光合特性的影响  

Effects of Waterlogging on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Summer Maize under Field Conditions

作　　者：任佰朝[1] 朱玉玲[1] 李霞[1] 范霞[1] 董树亭[1] 赵斌[1] 刘鹏[1] 张吉旺[1] 

机构地区：[1]作物生物学国家重点实验室/山东农业大学农学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《作物学报》2015年第2期329-338,共10页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：山东省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(SDAIT-01-022-05);国家自然科学基金项目(31271662);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203100)资助

摘　　要：选用登海605和郑单958为试验材料,在大田条件下设置淹水时期(三叶期、拔节期、花后10 d)和淹水持续时间(淹水3 d和6 d)处理研究淹水对夏玉米光合特性的影响。结果表明,淹水胁迫后叶面积指数和叶绿素含量显著下降,净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、细胞间隙CO2浓度(Ci)显著降低,三叶期淹水6 d对其影响最显著,开花期郑单958和登海605功能叶片的Pn、Gs、Ci较对照的分别下降21.24%、33.65%、16.49%和24.50%、32.31%、10.99%。淹水后叶片的Fv/Fm、Fm/Fo、ΦPSII显著下降,三叶期淹水6 d后影响最显著,登海605和郑单958分别下降16.86%、17.12%、11.67%和13.58%、21.40%、22.52%,这是导致夏玉米产量显著下降的主要光合生理机制,三叶期淹水6 d产量降幅最大,登海605和郑单958较对照分别下降41.51%和40.96%。三叶期淹水造成的影响最大,拔节期淹水次之,开花后10 d淹水造成的影响较小,其影响随淹水持续时间的延长而加剧。Two summer maize hybrids Zhengdan 958 and Denghai 605 were used in the field experiment to explore the effects of waterlogging with different durations （3 and 6 days） on photosynthetic characteristics of summer maize at the three-leaf stage （V3）, six-leaf stage （V6）, and ten days after the tasseling stage （10VT）. Results showed that leaf area index （LAI）, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate （Pn）, stomatal conductance （Gs）, and intercellular CO2 concentration （Ci） were decreased signifi-cantly by waterlogging. Pn, Gs, and Ci of two hydrids decreased mostly in the treatment of waterlogging for six days at V3, with 21.24%, 33.65%, and 16.49% in Denghai 605 and 24.50%, 32.31%, and 10.99% in Zhengdan 958, respectively. Fv/Fm, Fm/Fo, andΦPSI significantly decreased in the treatment of waterlogging for six days at V3, with 16.86%, 17.12% and 11.67% in Denghai 605 and 13.58%, 21.40% and 22.52% in Zhengdan 958 respectively, resulting in the decrease of grain yield ultimately by 41.51%in Denghai 605 and 40.96% in Zhengdan 958. The greatest yield losses from waterlogging occurred at V3, the following was at V6 and 10VT. The waterlogging effect increased with increasing waterlogging duration.

关 键 词：夏玉米 大田淹水 光合特性 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]