丙烷脱氢反应过程的研究 Ⅰ.空管材质和器壁的影响  

Dehydrogenation of PropaneⅠ.Effects of Wall Properties of Tubular Flow Reactor

作　　者：曹冬冬[1] 林少波[1] 隋志军[1] 朱贻安[1] 李平[1] 周兴贵[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学 化学工程联合国家重点实验室,上海200237

出　　处：《石油化工》2015年第2期154-162,共9页Petrochemical Technology

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2012AA040306);国家自然科学基金项目(21276077,21376076);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(WG1213011,222201313006)

摘　　要：分别以石英管和不锈钢管为反应器材质,采用空管流动方式,在350~700℃内,测定了反应器内丙烷和丙烯的热解转化率和产物分布,考察了反应器器壁处理及加入氢气的影响。实验结果表明,不同材质反应器内丙烷热解程度均明显强于丙烯,热解产物组成和分布亦不同。600℃下丙烷热解受器壁催化效应影响,高温（700℃）时则呈现气相自由基反应特征;而丙烯热解始终由器壁催化作用主导。高温（700℃）时石英管反应器内的丙烷转化率明显高于不锈钢管反应器,而不锈钢管反应器器壁的催化作用强于石英管反应器,导致丙烷和丙烯深度脱氢而结焦。用磷酸和硝酸钝化可分别降低石英管和不锈钢管反应器器壁的低温催化活性。在两种反应器内加入氢气均能明显增强丙烷的高温热解,但均能抑制丙烯的高温热解。加入氢气能减少深度脱氢反应,但不锈钢管反应器器壁上仍有结焦。The pyrolysis of propane or propylene in tubular quartz and stainless steel reactors was investigated in the temperature range of 350-700 ~C. The effects of the reactor wall properties and H2 addition on the pyrolysis were studied with the pretreatment of the wall surfaces of the reactors. The results showed that the pyrolysis of propane was affected catalytically by the reactor wall properties below 600 ~C, whereas free radical reactions were dominant in the propane pyrolysis at higher temperature（700 ~C）. In contrast, the pyrolysis of propylene was always catalyzed by the reactor wall. At high temperature the conversion of propane in the quartz reactor was obviously higher than that in the stainless steel reactor while the catalytic effect of the stainless steel wall was stronger than that of the quartz wall, which led to the deep dehydrogenation of propane and propylene and forming coke. In both the reactors, the addition of H2 into propane could enhance the propane conversion at high temperature, whereas the presence of H2 in propylene could restrain the propylene pyrolysis.

关 键 词：丙烷 丙烯 脱氢 热解 石英管 不锈钢管 反应器器壁处理 氢气 

分 类 号：TQ221.212[化学工程—有机化工]